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A β-cyclodextrin-based supramolecular photonic crystal hydrogel biosensor with macroporous structures for naked-eye visual detection of cholesterol.
Carbohydr Polym
March 2025
College of Chemistry and Environment, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610225, China; Key Laboratory of Fundamental Chemistry of the State Ethnic Commission, College of Chemistry and Environment, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610225, China. Electronic address:
Cholesterol (CHO) is an essential lipid in cell membranes and a precursor for vital living substances. Abnormal CHO levels can cause cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, simple and accurate monitoring of CHO levels is crucial for early diagnosis and effective management of cardiovascular diseases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCholesterol-ester prevents lipoprotein core from solidifying: Molecular dynamics simulation.
Biosystems
January 2025
Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation. Electronic address:
As an important part of lipid metabolism the liver produces large particles called very low density lipoproteins, filled mostly with triglyceride and cholesterol esters mixture. A large percentage of the mixture composition components has a melting point above physiological temperature. Thus solid cluster formation or phase transition could be expected.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThirty years of StAR gazing: expanding the universe of the steroidogenic acute regulatory protein.
J Endocrinol
January 2025
W Miller, Department of Pediatrics, Center for Reproductive Sciences, and Institute for Human Genetics University of California, San Francisco, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
Current understanding of the biology, biochemistry and genetics of the steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR) and its deficiency state (congenital lipoid adrenal hyperplasia, lipoid CAH) involves the complex interplay of four areas of study: the acute regulation of steroidogenesis, clinical phenomena in lipoid CAH, the enzymatic conversion of cholesterol to pregnenolone in steroidogenic mitochondria, and the cell biology of StAR. This review traces the origins of these areas of study, describes how they have been woven into an increasingly coherent fabric, and tries to explore some remaining loose ends in this ongoing field of endocrine research. Abundant research from multiple laboratories establishes that StAR is required for the rapid, abundant steroidal responses of the adrenals and gonads, but all steroidogenic cells, especially the placenta, have StAR-independent steroidogenesis, whose basis remains under investigation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChallenges in intraoperative differentiation of craniopharyngioma and Rathke cleft cyst on endoscopic visualization.
J Clin Neurosci
January 2025
Department of Neurosurgery, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel.
Background: Craniopharyngiomas are epithelial tumors derived from the remnants of the Rathke pouch, while Rathke cleft cysts (RCC) are benign cystic lesions originating from the Rathke pouch itself [1]. Rathke cleft cysts comprise 10-15% of the hypophyseal tumors, while craniopharyngiomas are relatively rare, comprising only 2-5% of intracranial tumors [2]. Both located in the sellar and parasellar regions and share clinical symptoms including headache, visual disturbances, and endocrine dysfunction [3].
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVarying pixel resolution significantly improves deep learning-based carotid plaque histology segmentation.
Sci Rep
January 2025
Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health (UW-SMPH), Madison, USA.
Carotid plaques-the buildup of cholesterol, calcium, cellular debris, and fibrous tissues in carotid arteries-can rupture, release microemboli into the cerebral vasculature and cause strokes. The likelihood of a plaque rupturing is thought to be associated with its composition (i.e.
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