In eukaryotes, the packaging of DNA into chromatin is essential for cell viability. Several important DNA metabolic events require the transient disruption of chromatin structure, but cells have evolved a number of elaborate pathways that operate throughout the cell cycle to prevent the deleterious effects of chromatin erosion. In this review, we describe a number of distinct nucleosome assembly pathways that function during DNA replication, transcription, cellular senescence and early embryogenesis. In addition, we illustrate some of the physiological consequences associated with defects in nucleosome assembly pathways.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.febslet.2008.03.006 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
The Expanding Universe of Extensions and Tails: Ribosomal Proteins and Histones in RNA and DNA Complex Signaling and Dynamics.
Genes (Basel)
January 2025
Aix Marseille Université, Université de Toulon, CNRS, IRD, MIO UM110, 13288 Marseille, France.
This short review bridges two biological fields: ribosomes and nucleosomes-two nucleoprotein assemblies that, along with many viruses, share proteins featuring long filamentous segments at their N- or C-termini. A central hypothesis is that these extensions and tails perform analogous functions in both systems. The evolution of these structures appears closely tied to the emergence of regulatory networks and signaling pathways, facilitating increasingly complex roles for ribosomes and nucleosome alike.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCentromeric chromatin clearings demarcate the site of kinetochore formation.
Cell
January 2025
Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Biochemistry, Biophysics, Chemical Biology Graduate Group, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Institute of Structural Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Penn Center for Genome Integrity, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Epigenetics Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. Electronic address:
The centromere is the chromosomal locus that recruits the kinetochore, directing faithful propagation of the genome during cell division. Using cryo-ET on human mitotic chromosomes, we reveal a distinctive architecture at the centromere: clustered 20- to 25-nm nucleosome-associated complexes within chromatin clearings that delineate them from surrounding chromatin. Centromere components CENP-C and CENP-N are each required for the integrity of the complexes, while CENP-C is also required to maintain the chromatin clearing.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUnveiling the guardians of the genome: The dynamic role of histones in DNA organization and disease.
Adv Protein Chem Struct Biol
January 2025
CsrDD Lab, Department of Microbiology, Dr. D. Y. Patil Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Pimpri, Pune, India. Electronic address:
Histones are positively charged proteins found in the chromatin of eukaryotic cells. They regulate gene expression and are required for the organization and packaging of DNA within the nucleus. Histones are extremely conserved, allowing for transcription, replication, and repair.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPan-cancer analysis and single-cell analysis identifies the CENPN as a biomarker for survival prognosis and immunotherapy.
Discov Oncol
January 2025
Department of Oncology, Fuyang Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Fuyang, 236000, China.
Background: Centromere protein N (CENPN), located on chromosome 16q23.2, encodes vital nucleosome-associated complexes that are essential for dynamic assembly processes. CENPN plays a pivotal role in regulating cell proliferation and cell cycle progression by influencing mitotic events.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA tale of two strands: Decoding chromatin replication through strand-specific sequencing.
Mol Cell
January 2025
Institute for Cancer Genetics and Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Pediatrics and Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA. Electronic address:
DNA replication, a fundamental process in all living organisms, proceeds with continuous synthesis of the leading strand by DNA polymerase ε (Pol ε) and discontinuous synthesis of the lagging strand by polymerase δ (Pol δ). This inherent asymmetry at each replication fork necessitates the development of methods to distinguish between these two nascent strands in vivo. Over the past decade, strand-specific sequencing strategies, such as enrichment and sequencing of protein-associated nascent DNA (eSPAN) and Okazaki fragment sequencing (OK-seq), have become essential tools for studying chromatin replication in eukaryotic cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!