Development of a MLST-biased SNP microarray for Candida albicans.

We have developed a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) detection microarray for the human pathogenic yeast, Candida albicans, consisting of synthetic oligonucleotides bound to microscope slides. The array consists of multiple replicates of 79 SNPs, derived from 19 discrete loci located on all eight chromosomes. These loci include seven genes consisting of 57 SNPs that comprise a multi-locus sequence typing (MLST) consensus scheme for the species. The remaining 22 SNPs are from 12 additional loci located at intervals on the remaining chromosomes. In order to include highly informative polymorphisms from the MLST set on the array we performed a linkage analysis of major genotypes between the two pairs of MLST-linked genes. In addition, we performed a matched-set analysis for each SNP located within individual MLST loci. This analysis resulted in the reduction of informatively redundant mutations in the array for a large percentage of strains. We believe that a SNP array will be helpful in extending our knowledge of the epidemiology and genetics of C. albicans as a supplement to MLST typing.