During mammalian development, it is essential that the proper epigenetic state is established across the entire genome in each differentiated cell. To date, little is known about the mechanism for establishing epigenetic modifications of individual genes during the course of cellular differentiation. Genome-wide DNA methylation analysis of embryonic stem cells by restriction landmark genomic scanning provides information about cell type- and tissue-specific DNA methylation profiles at tissue-specific methylated regions associated with developmental processes. It also sheds light on DNA methylation alterations following fetal exposure to chemical agents. In addition, analysis of embryonic stem cells deficient in epigenetic regulators will contribute to revealing the mechanism for establishing DNA methylation profiles and the interplay between DNA methylation and other epigenetic modifications.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1742-4658.2008.06331.x | DOI Listing |
Probl Radiac Med Radiobiol
December 2024
Educational and Scientific Center «Institute of Biology and Medicine» of the Taras Shevchenko Kyiv National University, 64/13 Volodymyrska Str., Kyiv, 01601, Ukraine.
Objective: to investigate changes in DNA methylation in bystander and inducer cells during the manifestation ofdirect and rescue bystander effects.
Methods: Separate and co-cultivation of peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) of 10 conditionally healthy individuals; γ-quantum irradiation (IBL-237C emitter); modified comet electrophoresis method (Comet assay) under neutralconditions using the methylation-sensitive restriction enzyme HpaII; fluorescence microscopy with an automatedcomputer software system for analyzing the results; statistical methods.
Results: The level of DNA methylation in PBL was quantitatively assessed using DNA migration parameters inagarose gel: the length of the comet tail (in μm), the percentage of DNA in the tail part of the comet, and TailMoment (TM), which simultaneously takes into account both the amount of DNA in the tail part of the comet andthe length of the tail.
Adv Neonatal Care
December 2024
Author Affiliations: Department of Family and Community Health Nursing, Marcella Niehoff School of Nursing, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, Illinois (Drs Griffith, and Tell, Mrs Ford, and Dr Janusek); Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Disease, Rush University, Chicago, Illinois (Dr Green); Division of Neonatology, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, Illinois (Mr Bohan, Mrs Grunwaldt, and Dr Amin); Nursing Research, Children's Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin (Dr White-Traut); and Women, Children and Family Health Science, College of Nursing, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois (Dr White-Traut).
Background: Early life stress exposure in preterm infants may alter DNA methylation of NR3C1 and HSD11B2, disrupting neurobehaviors needed for oral feeding (PO) skill development.
Purpose: To (1) examine the feasibility of the study protocol; (2) describe early life stress, DNA methylation of NR3C1 and HSD11B2, and PO skill development; and (3) explore the association between DNA methylation of NR3C1 and HSD11B2 and infant characteristics, early life stress, and PO skill development.
Method: We employed a longitudinal descriptive pilot study (N = 10).
J Cancer Res Clin Oncol
December 2024
Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Fuyang Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Fuyang, 236000, Anhui, China.
Purpose: This study aims to investigate the biological roles and molecular mechanisms of Cathepsin G (CTSG) in the progression of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
Methods: Western blotting and immunohistochemistry analyses of clinical samples were performed to determine the expression levels of CTSG in patients with NSCLC. Bioinformatic analysis of clinical datasets was conducted to evaluate the correlation between CTSG and lymph node metastasis, tumor stage, and immune cell infiltration.
PLoS Pathog
December 2024
Center for Infection Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
Human pathogen Streptococcus pneumoniae forms multiple epigenetically and phenotypically distinct intra-populations by invertase PsrA-driven inversions of DNA methyltransferase hsdS genes in the colony opacity-determinant (cod) locus. As manifested by phase switch between opaque and transparent colonies, different genome methylation patterns or epigenomes confer pathogenesis-associated traits, but it is unknown how the pathogen controls the hsdS inversion orientations. Here, we report our finding of the SpxA1-TenA toxin-antitoxin (TA) system that regulates the orientations of hsdS inversions, and thereby bacterial epigenome and associated traits (e.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJAMA Oncol
December 2024
Mayo Clinic, Departments of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota.
Importance: Molecular techniques, including next-generation sequencing, genomic copy number profiling, fusion transcript detection, and genomic DNA methylation arrays, are now indispensable tools for the workup of central nervous system (CNS) tumors. Yet there remains a great deal of heterogeneity in using such biomarker testing across institutions and hospital systems. This is in large part because there is a persistent reluctance among third-party payers to cover molecular testing.
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