Background: The effects of a very-low-carbohydrate, high-saturated-fat weight-loss diet (LC) on brachial artery flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) and markers of endothelial function are unknown.
Objective: The effect of an LC on markers of endothelial function and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk was compared with that of an isocaloric high-carbohydrate, low-saturated-fat diet (HC).
Design: FMD and markers of endothelial function (n = 70) and CVD risk were measured before and after 8 wk of weight loss. Ninety-nine subjects aged 50.0 +/- 8.3 y with a body mass index (in kg/m2) of 33.7 +/- 4.1 completed the study.
Results: Mean (+/-SD) FMD did not change significantly (P = 0.55) with either diet. Pulse wave velocity improved with both diets (P < 0.01). Endothelial markers, E- and P selectin, intracellular and cellular-adhesion molecule-1, tissue-type plasminogen activator, and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 decreased (P < 0.001), with no diet effect. Adiponectin did not change significantly. More weight (P = 0.05 for diet x time interaction) and more abdominal fat mass (P = 0.05 for diet x time interaction) were lost with the LC than with the HC. LDL cholesterol decreased more with the HC than with the LC (P < 0.05, time x diet), and C-reactive protein decreased more with the HC than with the LC (P < 0.05 for diet x time interaction). Homocysteine increased more with the LC (P < 0.01 for diet x time interaction). Folate decreased with the LC and increased with the HC (P < 0.05, time; P < 0.001 for diet x time interaction).
Conclusion: An LC does not impair FMD. We observed beneficial effects of both diets on most of the CVD risk factors measured. This trial was registered with the Australian Clinical Trials Registry as ACTR N0 12606000203550.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/87.3.567 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Palmitate potentiates the SMAD3-PAI-1 pathway by reducing nuclear GDF15 levels.
Cell Mol Life Sci
January 2025
Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Unitat de Farmacologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII 27-31, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.
Nuclear growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) reduces the binding of the mothers' against decapentaplegic homolog (SMAD) complex to its DNA-binding elements. However, the stimuli that control this process are unknown. Here, we examined whether saturated fatty acids (FA), particularly palmitate, regulate nuclear GDF15 levels and the activation of the SMAD3 pathway in human skeletal myotubes and mouse skeletal muscle, where most insulin-stimulated glucose use occurs in the whole organism.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe association between metabolomic profiles of lifestyle and the latent phase of incident chronic kidney disease in the UK Population.
Sci Rep
January 2025
NHC Key Lab of Hormones and Development and Tianjin Key Lab of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin, 300134, China.
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global health challenge associated with lifestyle factors such as diet, alcohol, BMI, smoking, sleep, and physical activity. Metabolomics, especially nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR), offers insights into metabolic profiles' role in diseases, but more research is needed on its connection to CKD and lifestyle factors. Therefore, we utilized the latest metabolomics data from the UK Biobank to explore the relationship between plasma metabolites and lifestyle factors, as well as to investigate the associations between various factors, including lifestyle-related metabolites, and the latent phase of CKD onset.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSupplemental palmitic acid and chromium propionate impact production responses during the immediate postpartum in multiparous dairy cows.
J Dairy Sci
January 2025
Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources. Electronic address:
Forty-eight multiparous Holstein cows were used in a randomized complete block design and assigned to one of 4 treatments in a 2x2 factorial arrangement of treatments to determine the effects of supplemental palmitic acid (C16:0) and chromium (Cr) on production responses of early-lactation cows. During the fresh period (FR; 1-24 d in milk), cows were fed one of 4 treatments: (1) a diet containing no supplemental C16:0 or Cr (CON); (2) diet supplemented with an 85% C16:0-enriched supplement (PA); (3) diet supplemented with Cr-propionate (CR); and (4) diet supplemented with a C16:0-enriched supplement and Cr-propionate (PACR). The C16:0-enriched supplement was added at 1.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOptimizing a mobile just-in-time adaptive intervention (JITAI) for weight loss in young adults: Rationale and design of the AGILE factorial randomized trial.
Contemp Clin Trials
January 2025
Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health and School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 135 Dauer Drive, 245 Rosenau Hall, CB # 7461, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, 450 West Drive, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Department of Health Behavior, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 135 Dauer Drive, 170 Rosenau Hall, CB #7400, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Nutrition Research Institute, North Carolina Research Campus, 500 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA.
Background: Young adults (YAs) are underrepresented in behavioral health and weight loss interventions and express interest in flexible, highly tailored programs. Mobile interventions are a lower-burden, scalable approach to providing behavioral support. Just-in-time-adaptive interventions (JITAI) promise to deliver the "right" support at the "right" time using real-time data from smartphones and sensors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntentional weight reduction before surgery - A systematic review.
Clin Nutr
January 2025
Department of Clinical Sciences, Danderyd Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Surgery, Ersta Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
Introduction: Obesity may increase complexity of surgical procedures and increase the risk of perioperative complications. Weight reduction by the use of low energy diet (LED, ≤1200 kcal/day) or very low energy diet (VLED, ≤800 kcal/day) can reduce postoperative complications after bariatric surgery, but for most other types of surgery the evidence for its use remains uncertain. The aim of this systematic review was therefore to evaluate the scientific evidence in general for this routine.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!