A transformation associated antigen was isolated from an SV40 induced hamster sarcoma by sequential silica gel column chromatography and preparative silica gel 60 thin layer chromatography after tissue extraction with chloroform:methanol (2:1, v/v). It migrated with an rf of 0.21 on silica gel 60 thin layer chromatography plates predeveloped and developed in chloroform:methanol:water:glacial acetic acid (10:10:1.5:0.5, v/v) and an rf of 0.27 on cellulose F254 thin layer chromatography plates developed in the same solvent system. Antigenicity was determined using a fluorescence probe cytotoxicity assay to measure inhibition of antibody mediated complement dependent damage to homologous cultured transformed cells. Although compositional analysis of this substance is not complete, it appears to be a polar lipid and would support the concept that transformation associated antigens may be gene plus substrate specific rather than strictly gene specific.
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PNAS Nexus
January 2025
Logic of Genomic Systems Laboratory (CNB-CSIC), Madrid E-28049, Spain.
While more data are becoming available on gene activity at different levels of biological organization, our understanding of the underlying biology remains incomplete. Here, we introduce a metabolic efficiency framework that considers highly expressed proteins (HEPs), their length, and biosynthetic costs in terms of the amino acids (AAs) they contain to address the observed balance of expression costs in cells, tissues, and cancer transformation. Notably, the combined set of HEPs in either cells or tissues shows an abundance of large and costly proteins, yet tissues compensate this with short HEPs comprised of economical AAs, indicating a stronger tendency toward mitigating costs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAJPM Focus
February 2025
Center for Healthcare Policy Research, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, California.
Introduction: People who are covered by Medicaid have a higher smoking prevalence than the general population and are at an increased risk for tobacco-related disease, a major driver of Medicaid costs. California has the largest Medicaid program, called Medi-Cal, whose members also have higher tobacco-use rates and tobacco-related disease. Quitting is beneficial at any age, and health professional advice and assistance are a key indicator of smoking cessation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Appl Lab Med
January 2025
UNIVANTS of Healthcare Excellence Awards, Chicago, IL, United States.
Background: Laboratory medicine has and continues to undergo significant transformation. This paper reviews top trends associated with laboratory medicine using insights, evidence, and outcomes derived from the UNIVANTS of Healthcare ExcellenceTM award program.
Methods: Seventy-two judge-approved best practices of measurably better healthcare were assessed for trends and insights related to outcomes and opportunities for highlighting the value of laboratory medicine.
Ecology
January 2025
School of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, China.
Nitrogen (N) retention is a critical ecosystem function associated with sustainable N supply. Lack of experimental evidence limits our understanding of how grassland N retention can vary with soil acidification. A N-labeling experiment was conducted for 2 years to quantify N retention by soil pathways and plant functional groups across a soil-acidification gradient in a meadow.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiostatistics
December 2024
Department of Biostatistics, Yale University School of Public Health, 60 College Street, New Haven, CT06511, United States.
Evaluating air quality interventions is confronted with the challenge of interference since interventions at a particular pollution source likely impact air quality and health at distant locations, and air quality and health at any given location are likely impacted by interventions at many sources. The structure of interference in this context is dictated by complex atmospheric processes governing how pollution emitted from a particular source is transformed and transported across space and can be cast with a bipartite structure reflecting the two distinct types of units: (i) interventional units on which treatments are applied or withheld to change pollution emissions; and (ii) outcome units on which outcomes of primary interest are measured. We propose new estimands for bipartite causal inference with interference that construe two components of treatment: a "key-associated" (or "individual") treatment and an "upwind" (or "neighborhood") treatment.
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