Production and transport processes of the H(0) atoms are numerically simulated using a three-dimensional Monte Carlo transport code. The code is applied to the large JAEA 10 ampere negative ion source under a Cs-seeded condition to obtain a spatial distribution of surface-produced H(-) ions. In this analysis, we focus on the effect of the energy relaxation of the H(0) atoms at the wall on the H(-) ion production from the H(0) atoms. The result indicates that, by considering the energy relaxation of the H(0) atoms at the wall, the production profile of the surface-produced H(-) ion is well reflected in the production profile of the H(0) atom production.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2802583 | DOI Listing |
Innovation (Camb)
September 2024
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University and Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China.
The human skin maintains a comfortable and healthy somatosensory state by sensing different aspects of the thermal environment, including temperature value, heat source, energy level, and duration. However, state-of-the-art thermosensors only measure basic temperature values, not the full range of the thermosensation function of human skin. Here, we propose a heat source recognition () sensor of poly(butyl acrylate)-lithium bis(n-fluoroalkylsulfonyl)imide (PBA-Li:FSI; = 1, 3, 5), which enables response to temperature, pressure, and proximity stimulus signals based on the relaxation behavior of the ionic gel and distinguished between different types of heat sources (i.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAppl Magn Reson
October 2024
Laboratory of Chemical Physics, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-0520 USA.
Unlabelled: Temperature-dependent DEER effects are observed as a function of methyl rotation by either leucine- or nitroxide-specific protonated methyl groups in an otherwise deuterated background. Both species induce a site-specific enhancement in the apparent relaxation of the paramagnetic nitroxide label. The presence of a single protonated methyl group in close proximity (4-10 Å) to only one of the two nitroxide rotamer ensembles in AviTagged immunoglobulin-binding B domain of protein A results in a selective and substantial decrease in , manifested by differential decay of the peak intensities in the bimodal distance distribution as a function of the total dipolar evolution time, temperature, or both.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Phys Chem A
January 2025
College of Physics Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
Developing high-performance solar cells is a practical way to improve clean energy conversion efficiency. However, the performance of solar cells faces challenges such as fast carrier combination, poor stability, and limited solar light harvesting. Herein, we propose a strategy by decorating periodic holes in two-dimensional (2D) porous carbon-nitrogen (CN) materials with a zero-dimensional (0D) semiconducting (ZnO) cluster.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHeliyon
January 2025
Division of Polymer Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Atomic Energy Commission, P.O. Box: 6091, Damascus, Syrian Arab Republic.
The degree of sulfonation (DS) is a key property of sulfonated polymers, as it significantly influences their swelling behaviour, conductivity and mechanical properties. Accurately determining the DS is essential for optimizing these materials for various applications. In this work, the DS of sulfonated poly (ether ether ketone) (SPEEK) was evaluated using a combination of analytical techniques, including titration, back titration, Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), Ultra-Violet (UV) and proton nuclear magnetic resonance (H NMR) spectroscopies, Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Rutherford backscattering (RBS) and particle induced X-ray emission (PIXE) analysis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFACS Appl Mater Interfaces
January 2025
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, PR China.
Achieving dual functionalities of hydrophobicity and excellent microwave transmission in a single material remains a significant challenge, especially for advanced applications in aerospace, telecommunications, and navigation engineering. Inspired by natural designs like chestnut burrs, bioinspired polyaniline (PANI) particles with tunable micro-/nanostructures through a facile template-free polymerization process have been developed. By regulating the polarity of the reaction system, temperature, and reaction time, various hierarchical structures, including cross-linked nanosheets, chestnut burr-like spheres, and starburst flower-like structures, are synthesized.
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