Double inferior vena cava is a rare congenital anomaly. Recognition of such venous anomalies is important in the evaluation and surgical treatment of retroperitoneal disease. Newer radiological modalities such as three-dimensional reconstruction of spiral computed tomography help to define such anomalies and avoid significant morbidity during surgical exploration. We present a case of renal cell carcinoma involving left kidney with tumor thrombus extending into both venae cavae, treated by left radical nephrectomy with vena caval thrombectomy.

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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.urology.2007.12.020DOI Listing

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