Objectives: We examined trends in perinatal HIV prevention interventions in New York City implemented during 1994 to 2003 to ascertain the success of the interventions in reducing perinatal transmission.
Methods: We used data obtained from infant records at 22 hospitals. We used multiple logistic regression to analyze factors associated with prenatal care and perinatal HIV transmission.
Results: We analyzed data for 4729 perinatally HIV-exposed singleton births. Of mothers with prenatal care data, 92% had prenatal care. The overall proportion who received prenatal care and were diagnosed with HIV before delivery was 86% in 1994 to 1996 and 90% in 1997 to 2003. Use of prenatal antiretrovirals among mothers who received prenatal care was 63% in 1994 to 1996 and 82% in 1997 to 2003. From 1994 to 2003, cesarean births among the entire sample increased from 15% to 55%. During 1997 to 2003, the perinatal HIV transmission rate among the entire sample was 7%; 45% of mothers of infected infants had missed opportunities for perinatal HIV prevention. During 1997 to 2003, maternal illicit drug use was significantly associated with lack of prenatal care. Lack of prenatal, intrapartum, and neonatal antiretrovirals; maternal illicit drug use; and low birthweight were significantly associated with perinatal HIV transmission.
Conclusions: Interventions for perinatal HIV prevention can successfully decrease HIV transmission rates. Ongoing perinatal HIV surveillance allows for monitoring the implementation of guidelines to prevent mother-to-child transmission of HIV and determining factors that may contribute to perinatal HIV transmission.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2636456 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2007.110023 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
SIV Env RhmAbs + N-803 at ART initiation prolongs viral decay without disrupting reservoir establishment in SIV-infected infant macaques.
PLoS Pathog
January 2025
Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America.
The latent viral reservoir remains the major barrier to HIV cure, placing the burden of strict adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) on people living with HIV to prevent recrudescence of viremia. For infants with perinatally acquired HIV, adherence is anticipated to be a lifelong need. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that administration of ART and viral Envelope-specific rhesus-derived IgG1 monoclonal antibodies (RhmAbs) with or without the IL-15 superagonist N-803 early in infection would limit viral reservoir establishment in SIV-infected infant rhesus macaques.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The lives of adolescents and young people living with HIV (LHIV) are dominated by complex psychological and social stressors. These may be more pronounced among those perinatally infected. This longitudinal mixed-methods study describes the clinical and psychosocial challenges faced by HIV perinatally infected young mothers in Harare, Zimbabwe to inform tailored support.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBrief Report: Transition Preparation and Post-Transition Evaluation Practices at Adult Clinics That Care for Young Adults With Perinatally Acquired HIV in Massachusetts, United States.
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr
February 2025
Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Bureau of Infectious Disease and Laboratory Sciences, Boston, MA.
Background: Most young adults with perinatal HIV (PHIV) transition from pediatric or adolescent to adult clinical care. Although guidelines to increase transition success have been recommended, we know little about uptake of these guidelines, particularly by adult care clinics.
Methods: We administered web-based surveys to adult care providers of young adults with PHIV in Massachusetts to evaluate transition preparation and post-transition evaluation practices.
Enhanced D614G and Omicron Variants Antibody Persistence in Infants at 2 Months of Age Following Maternal mRNA Booster Vaccination During Pregnancy or Postpartum.
Pediatr Infect Dis J
November 2024
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD.
Background: Following maternal COVID-19 vaccination, the persistence of antibodies in sera and breast milk for mothers and infants is not well characterized. We sought to describe the persistence of antibodies through 2 months after delivery in maternal and infant serum and breast milk following maternal COVID-19 mRNA vaccination and to examine differences by receipt of booster dose during pregnancy or postpartum.
Methods: This is a prospective cohort study with enrollment from July 2021 to January 2022 at 9 US academic sites.
Perinatal outcomes among pregnant women living with HIV initiating antiretroviral therapy preconception and antenatally: systematic review and meta-analysis.
AIDS
January 2025
Infectious Disease Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Objective: Increasingly, pregnant women living with HIV (WLHIV) initiate antiretroviral therapy (ART) before conception. We assessed the risk of adverse perinatal outcomes among pregnant WLHIV initiating ART preconception or antenatally, compared with women without HIV or ART-naïve WLHIV.
Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis.
Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!