We evaluated highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART) use and risk behaviors among 177 inmates who were HIV infected and were released and reincarcerated in San Francisco, Calif, jails over a 12-month period. During the month preceding reincarceration, HIV transmission risk behaviors were common among respondents, and 59% of those with a history of antiretroviral use were not taking HAART. HAART discontinuation was independently associated with homelessness, marijuana use, injection drug use, and not receiving community medical care. Postrelease interventions for inmates who are HIV infected are needed.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2007.112656 | DOI Listing |
Int Nurs Rev
March 2025
College of Nursing, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia.
Aim: To explore the effect of violence exposure on altruistic behavior and grit among emergency nurses in 103-bed emergency departments in rural hospitals in Egypt.
Background: Workplace violence is a pervasive issue in emergency departments. Nurses in rural hospitals, facing limited resources and isolation, may be even more vulnerable to the adverse effects of workplace violence.
J Racial Ethn Health Disparities
January 2025
Department of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University, 219 Biobehavioral Health Bldg, University Park, PA, 16802, USA.
Racialized stress disproportionately impacts Black individuals and confers increased risk for psychological distress and executive dysfunction. However, there is little evidence on psychological distress' association with cognitive flexibility (CF), an executive function theorized to be a neurocognitive resilience factor, as it is shown to reflect the ability to adapt thoughts/behaviors to changing environmental stimuli. As such, we aimed to examine the relation between racialized stress and psychological distress and the potential buffering effects of CF.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlzheimers Dement
December 2024
Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
Background: The prevalence of sepsis and delirium in the elderly is a risk factor for subsequent diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD). Post-sepsis impairments include changes in memory, attention, emotional function, and neuromuscular strength. Studies have shown a link between the prolonged activation of microglia after infection.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlzheimers Dement
December 2024
Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Background: Chronic stress promotes life-long risk for neuropsychiatric decline by increasing neuroinflammation and disrupting synaptic health and plasticity. Our lab and others have recently demonstrated that non-invasive gamma sensory stimulation (flicker) modulates immune signaling, restores microglial function, and improves cognitive performance in mouse models of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, no research to date has studied the effects of flicker in the context of stress.
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