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Estimating evolutionary and demographic parameters via ARG-derived IBD.
PLoS Genet
January 2025
Melbourne Integrative Genomics, School of Mathematics & Statistics, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Inference of evolutionary and demographic parameters from a sample of genome sequences often proceeds by first inferring identical-by-descent (IBD) genome segments. By exploiting efficient data encoding based on the ancestral recombination graph (ARG), we obtain three major advantages over current approaches: (i) no need to impose a length threshold on IBD segments, (ii) IBD can be defined without the hard-to-verify requirement of no recombination, and (iii) computation time can be reduced with little loss of statistical efficiency using only the IBD segments from a set of sequence pairs that scales linearly with sample size. We first demonstrate powerful inferences when true IBD information is available from simulated data.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTransitions and Resilience in Ecological Momentary Assessment: A Multiple Single-Case Study.
J Pers Oriented Res
December 2024
Faculty of Behavioural and Social Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Ecological momentary assessment (EMA) of affect, cognition and behavior aims to provide a 'window into a person's daily life'. But what should we look for through this window? In this paper, we compare a statistical perspective, grounded in probability theory, with a dynamic pattern perspective, grounded in complexity theory, on two common phenomena in EMA data: non-stationarity and outlying values. From a statistical perspective, these phenomena are considered nuisances that should be dealt with.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCall for Decision Support for Electrocardiographic Alarm Administration Among Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Staff: Multicenter, Cross-Sectional Survey.
J Med Internet Res
December 2024
Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Intelligence Pediatrics, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
Background: Previous studies have shown that electrocardiographic (ECG) alarms have high sensitivity and low specificity, have underreported adverse events, and may cause neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) staff fatigue or alarm ignoring. Moreover, prolonged noise stimuli in hospitalized neonates can disrupt neonatal development.
Objective: The aim of the study is to conduct a nationwide, multicenter, large-sample cross-sectional survey to identify current practices and investigate the decision-making requirements of health care providers regarding ECG alarms.
TIMESS a power analysis tool to estimate the number of locations and repeated measurements for seasonally and clustered mosquito surveys.
Ann Oper Res
July 2023
Malaria Elimination Initiative, Institute for Global Health Sciences, University of California San Francisco, 550 16th Street, San Francisco, CA 94158 USA.
Every day, hundreds of mosquito surveys are carried out around the world to inform policy and management decisions on how best to reduce or prevent the burden of mosquito-borne disease or mosquito nuisance. These surveys are usually time consuming and expensive. Mosquito surveillance is the essential component of vector management and control.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAltered resting-state functional brain activity in patients with chronic post-burn pruritus.
Burns
February 2025
Department of Radiology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi Province, China. Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- Pruritus, particularly chronic post-burn pruritus (CPBP), is an itch that lasts for over six weeks due to skin damage and abnormal healing, with unknown brain mechanisms contributing to the condition.
- A study involving 20 CPBP patients and 20 healthy controls used resting-state fMRI to analyze brain activity through various measures while accounting for factors like age.
- Results indicated significant brain activity differences in CPBP patients, including higher regional homogeneity (ReHo) in various areas such as the middle frontal gyrus, and increased amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (ALFF), suggesting altered brain function related to ongoing itch sensation.
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