Low-resolution transmittance and reflectance spectra of high-quality chemical-vapor deposition (CVD) diamond windows were measured in the infrared in the 2.5-500-mum wavelength range (20-4000 cm(-1)). High-resolution measurements on a window with nearly parallel surfaces show well defined interference fringes at low frequencies. By standard procedures the optical constants n and k of CVD diamond were determined, for the first time to the author's knowledge, in the far-infrared region. It is shown that a window with a large wedge angle, close to 1 degrees , does not produce appreciable interference fringes. Modeling of these results confirms that interference fringes can be avoided by use of properly wedged CVD diamond windows. This result is of considerable relevance to the use of CVD diamond windows in spectroscopic applications for which fringe suppression is a major requirement.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ao.37.005731 | DOI Listing |
Nat Commun
January 2025
Department of Chemical Engineering, University College London, London, WC1E 7JE, UK.
Selective catalytic oxidation (SCO) of NH to N is one of the most effective methods used to eliminate NH emissions. However, achieving high conversion over a wide operating temperature range while avoiding over-oxidation to NO remains a significant challenge. Here, we report a bi-metallic surficial catalyst (PtCuO/AlO) with improved Pt atom efficiency that overcomes the limitations of current catalysts.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Oncol
December 2024
Institute of Radiation Medicine (IRM), Helmholtz Zentrum München GmbH, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.
Environ Microbiome
December 2024
Innovative Genomics Institute, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.
Background: Underground research laboratories (URLs) provide a window on the deep biosphere and enable investigation of potential microbial impacts on nuclear waste, CO and H stored in the subsurface. We carried out the first multi-year study of groundwater microbiomes sampled from defined intervals between 140 and 400 m below the surface of the Horonobe and Mizunami URLs, Japan.
Results: We reconstructed draft genomes for > 90% of all organisms detected over a four year period.
Nature
December 2024
Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
Diamond is an exceptional material with great potential across various fields owing to its interesting properties. However, despite extensive efforts over the past decades, producing large quantities of desired ultrathin diamond membranes for widespread use remains challenging. Here we demonstrate that edge-exposed exfoliation using sticky tape is a simple, scalable and reliable method for producing ultrathin and transferable polycrystalline diamond membranes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Phys Chem A
December 2024
Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Moscow State University, Leninskie gory, Moscow 119991, Russia.
An attenuation of visible probe radiation identified in earlier absorption studies of microwave plasma-activated CH/H/Ar gas mixtures is shown to arise from nanoparticles in under-pumped regions on opposing sides of a reactor used for diamond chemical vapor deposition. The present modeling studies highlight (i) ejection of Si-containing species into the gas phase by reactive radical etching of the quartz window through which the microwave radiation enters the reactor, enabled by suitably high window temperatures () and the synergistic action of near-window H atoms and CH radicals; (ii) subsequent processing of the ejected material, some of which are transported to and accumulate in stagnation regions in the entrance to the reactor side arms; and (iii) the importance of Si in facilitating homogeneous gas phase nucleation, clustering, and nanoparticle growth in these regions. The observed attenuation, its probe wavelength dependence, and its variations with changes in process conditions can all be rationalized by a combination of absorption and scattering contributions from Si/C/H containing nanoparticles with diameters in the range of 50-100 nm.
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