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Diabetes Mellitus Secondary to Endocrine Diseases: An Update of Diagnostic and Treatment Particularities.
Int J Mol Sci
August 2023
Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, P-ta 1 Decembrie 10, 410073 Oradea, Romania.
Article Synopsis
- This review focuses on secondary diabetes mellitus, an often-overlooked topic, identifying key endocrinopathies that lead to elevated blood sugar levels.
- It describes conditions like acromegaly, Cushing's syndrome, and others, explaining how hormonal imbalances affect insulin function and can lead to diabetes.
- The study emphasizes the need for awareness and screening in endocrine diseases to tailor treatment and reduce complications, especially cardiovascular risks associated with secondary diabetes.
European Neuroendocrine Tumor Society 2023 guidance paper for functioning pancreatic neuroendocrine tumour syndromes.
J Neuroendocrinol
August 2023
Department of Visceral, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Phillips-University Marburg and University Hospital Gießen Marburg GmbH, Marburg, Germany.
Article Synopsis
- * A functioning syndrome is characterized by a clinical presentation and high levels of specific hormones due to the presence of NETs, with several types identified, including insulinoma and gastrinoma.
- * The recommendations include approaches for biochemical, genetic, and imaging assessments, as well as management strategies for different hormonal syndromes in pancreatic NETs, particularly for well-differentiated tumors.
Analysis of Clinical Characteristics and Survival in Patients With Functional Neuroendocrine Tumors of Gastrointestinal Origin.
Pancreas
October 2022
From the Department of Hematology-Oncology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine-Jacobi Medical Center.
Article Synopsis
- The study analyzed survival trends in patients with functional neuroendocrine tumors (FNETs), which produce excess hormones and are relatively rare.
- A total of 529 FNET patients were evaluated, with gastrinoma and insulinoma being the most common types, primarily located in the pancreas.
- Findings revealed that older age, lack of surgical treatment, presence of metastasis, and poor tumor differentiation negatively affected patient survival, with median overall survival at 9.8 years.
An Insight on Functioning Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Neoplasms.
Biomedicines
January 2023
Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Section of Anatomical Pathology, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy.
Pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (PanNENs) are rare neoplasms arising from islets of the Langerhans in the pancreas. They can be divided into two groups, based on peptide hormone secretion, functioning and nonfunctioning PanNENs. The first group is characterized by different secreted peptides causing specific syndromes and is further classified into subgroups: insulinoma, gastrinoma, glucagonoma, somatostatinoma, VIPoma and tumors producing serotonin and adrenocorticotrophic hormone.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDiagnostic Management of Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Neoplasms: Technique Optimization and Tips and Tricks for Radiologists.
Tomography
January 2023
Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy.
Article Synopsis
- Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (GEP-NENs) are diverse tumors originating from neuroendocrine cells that can be sporadic or linked to genetic syndromes, with varying hormone production impacting clinical symptoms.
- Tumors are graded G1, G2, or G3, with lower grades having better outcomes; understanding the tumor's grade, primary site, and metastases is vital for prognosis and treatment.
- Diagnostic management involves both morphological and functional imaging techniques, with CT, MRI, and ultrasound playing key roles in identifying tumors and guiding interventions.
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