Bezoars are a rare cause of intestinal obstruction, but morbidity and mortality of late diagnosis and complication are high. Generally, bezoars remain in the region of the stomach; however, infrequently, they will pass to the small bowel. The clinical diagnosis of bezoar is challenging, and initial radiographs are frequently nondiagnostic. Early recognition of this entity on plain film or by computed tomography is important to prevent late complications. In addition, bezoar formation can indicate underlying psychiatric disorder that requires evaluation and therapy. We present a child with classic radiographic trichobezoar that had passed to the distal ileum and resulted in subsequent perforation.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/PEC.0b013e318163dbc8 | DOI Listing |
Sci Transl Med
March 2025
Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
Postoperative abdominal adhesions are the leading cause of bowel obstruction and a cause of chronic pain and infertility. Adhesion formation occurs after 50 to 90% of abdominal operations and has no proven preventative or treatment strategy. Abdominal adhesions derive primarily from the visceral peritoneum and are composed of polyclonally proliferating tissue-resident fibroblasts.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Immunol
March 2025
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States.
B cell depletion is an efficacious therapy for multiple sclerosis, but its long-term safety profile in the gastrointestinal tract has not been specifically studied. This is of importance because the gut is the largest reservoir of IgA in the body, which maintains gut homeostasis in part by regulating the composition of the gut microbiota. This was addressed by development of a prolonged B cell depletion model using human CD20 transgenic mice and B cell depletion with the anti-human CD20 antibodies rituximab, a humanized mouse monoclonal, and 2H7, the mouse precursor to ocrelizumab.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMycotoxin Res
March 2025
Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.
Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and zearalenone (ZEN) are the most prevalent mycotoxins in production, posing a serious threat to human and animal health. Therefore, it is very urgent to find a safe and efficient method for the biodegradation of these mycotoxins. Our previous study demonstrated that Bacillus subtilis ZJ-2019-1 moderately degrades both mycotoxins in vitro and ZEN in female gilts.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCell Tissue Res
March 2025
Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Iwate, Japan.
While the prolonged consumption of sucrose-containing beverages is known to impact many organs, their specific effects on the small intestine remain elusive. This study aimed to evaluate how regular intake of sucrose, in amounts typically consumed, affects goblet cells, which play a critical role in regulating the mucosal barrier and innate immune defenses in the small intestine. Ten-week-old male ddY mice, a model of diet-induced obesity, were given a regular diet with either plain water or 7% sucrose water.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCurr Opin Gastroenterol
March 2025
Academic Unit of Gastroenterology, Royal Hallamshire Hospital.
Purpose Of Review: Meckel's diverticulum (MD) is a common congenital ileal diverticulum. Whilst mostly asymptomatic, 4-9% develop complications, such as small bowel obstruction, diverticulitis or bleeding. In 1933, Charles Mayo wrote that MD is 'frequently suspected, often looked for and seldom found', and it continues to pose a diagnostic challenge today.
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