Background: Down syndrome (DS) is a risk factor for metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease. The greater oxidative stress described in DS can increase this risk owing to its potential deleterious effects on insulin sensitivity. We hypothesized that metabolic syndrome or its markers, at rest and during exercise, are more pronounced in young adults with DS.
Design: The study design is that of a controlled study.
Methods: Thirteen physically active young adults with DS, after overnight polysomnography, plasma-lipid profile, and insulin-resistance [Homeostasis Model Assessment Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR)] assessments, underwent a submaximal progressive treadmill exercise (10 min at 30 and 50%, and 20 min at 75% of V O2max), allowing for maximal fat-oxidation rate and blood-oxidative stress determinations. They were compared with 15 healthy control participants (C).
Results: V O2max of DS participants was lower than that of C (60.8+/-2.4 versus 44.4+/-3.3 ml/kg/min; P<0.001) but was close to the predicted value (95+/-6%). In DS participants, as expected, oxidative stress was greater than in C (+15%; P<0.001) at rest and all through the exercise protocol. Although a greater fat mass (DS: 19.9+/-1.3%; C: 13.5+/-0.9%; P<0.001), and a lower insulin sensitivity (HOMA-IR in DS: 1.09+/-0.16; in C: 0.64+/-0.13; P<0.05) was observed for DS participants, a metabolic syndrome could not be shown. Maximal fat-oxidation rate was lower in DS participants (394.2+/-69.9 versus 486.1+/-134.8 mg/min in C; P<0.01), but it was in the normal range.
Conclusion: Despite greater oxidative stress and lower insulin sensitivity, the DS group involved in our study did not display clear metabolic abnormalities. The young age and lifestyle of this group might, partially, have accounted for this apparently healthy metabolic status.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/HJR.0b013e3282f2bff3 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Controversy and multiple roles of the solitary nucleus receptor Nur77 in disease and physiology.
FASEB J
March 2025
Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
Neuron-derived clone 77 (Nur77), a member of the orphan nuclear receptor family, is expressed and activated rapidly in response to diverse physiological and pathological stimuli. It exerts complex biological functions, including roles in the nervous system, genome integrity, cell differentiation, homeostasis, oxidative stress, autophagy, aging, and infection. Recent studies suggest that Nur77 agonists alleviate symptoms of neurodegenerative diseases, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic target in such conditions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSpermidine alleviates copper-induced oxidative stress, inflammation and cuproptosis in the liver.
FASEB J
March 2025
State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, P. R. China.
Copper exposure poses potential detrimental effects on both public and ecosystem health. Spermidine, an antioxidant, has shown promise in reducing oxidative stress and inflammation within the liver. However, its specific role in mitigating copper-induced hepatic cuproptosis and disturbances in copper metabolism remains unexplored.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEffects of Complex I Inhibition on the Architecture of Neural Rosettes Differentiated from Human-Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells.
Stem Cells Dev
March 2025
Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Orchestrated changes in cell arrangements and cell-to-cell contacts are susceptible to cellular stressors during central nervous system development. Effects of mitochondrial complex I inhibition on cell-to-cell contacts have been studied in vascular and intestinal structures; however, its effects on developing neuronal cells are largely unknown. We investigated the effects of the classical mitochondrial stressor and complex I inhibitor, rotenone, on the architecture of neural rosettes-radially organized neuronal progenitor cells (NPCs)-differentiated from human-induced pluripotent stem cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDual Functional Electroconductive Biofortified Electrospun Scaffold Functionalized With MWCNTs and Bacopa Monnieri for Accelerated Peripheral Nerve Regeneration.
Small
March 2025
Centre for Nanotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247667, India.
Peripheral nerve injuries (PNIs) often lead to semi or complete loss of motor, sensory and autonomic functions. Although autografts are still the best option for PNI repair, their use is restricted due to the morbidity and availability of donor nerves. Because electrospun scaffolds may replicate the structure of native extracellular matrix (ECM), they provide a viable alternative.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRole of Immune Cells in Perivascular Adipose Tissue in Vascular Injury in Hypertension.
Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol
March 2025
Hypertension and Vascular Research Unit, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Quebec, Canada (O.B., P.P., E.L.S.).
Hypertension is associated with vascular injury characterized by vascular dysfunction, remodeling, and stiffening, which contributes to end-organ damage leading to cardiovascular events and potentially death. Innate (macrophages and dendritic cells), innate-like (γδ T cells) and adaptive immune cells (T and B cells) play a role in hypertension and vascular injury. Perivascular adipose tissue that is the fourth layer of the blood vessel wall is an important homeostatic regulator of vascular tone.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!