Little is known of the specific biochemical mechanism by which heterochromatin protein 1 (HP1) inactivates a gene. We analyzed HP1-mediated inhibition of preinitiation complex (PIC) assembly in vitro on chromatin templates regulated by GAL4-VP16 or Sp1. HP1 blocked key subunits of the TFIID and Mediator coactivator complexes. Notably, binding of the same subunits was inhibited by HP1 on the Sp1-regulated survivin gene in vivo upon DNA damage-induced silencing.
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