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Multispecies polyploidization, chromosome shuffling, and genome extraction in Zea/Tripsacum hybrids.
Genetics
April 2023
Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang 611130, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
By hybridization and special sexual reproduction, we sequentially aggregated Zea mays, Zea perennis, and Tripsacum dactyloides in an allohexaploid, backcrossed it with maize, derived self-fertile allotetraploids of maize and Z. perennis by natural genome extraction, extended their first six selfed generations, and finally constructed amphitetraploid maize using nascent allotetraploids as a genetic bridge. Transgenerational chromosome inheritance, subgenome stability, chromosome pairings and rearrangements, and their impacts on an organism's fitness were investigated by fertility phenotyping and molecular cytogenetic techniques genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPloidy Status of Ovarian Cancer Cell Lines and Their Association with Gene Expression Profiles.
Biomolecules
January 2023
Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, China.
As a cancer type potentially dominated by copy number variations, ovarian cancer shows hyperploid karyotypes and large-scale chromosome alterations, which might be promising biomarkers correlated with tumor metastasis and chemoresistance. Experimental studies have provided more information about the roles of aneuploids and polyploids in ovarian cancer. However, ploidy evaluation of ovarian cancer cell lines is still limited, even in some ploidy-related research.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNear-tetraploid T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia in childhood: Results of the AIEOP-BFM ALL studies.
Eur J Cancer
November 2022
Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany.
Background: Near-tetraploidy-defined by DNA index 1.79-2.28 or 81-103 chromosomes-is a rare cytogenetic abnormality observed both in children and adults with T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (T-ALL) and its prognostic value is not yet determined.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOncogenic BRAF induces whole-genome doubling through suppression of cytokinesis.
Nat Commun
July 2022
University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Program in Molecular Medicine, Worcester, MA, USA.
Article Synopsis
- Melanomas and solid tumors often show increased ploidy, particularly near-tetraploid karyotypes, which occur due to whole-genome doubling during early tumor progression.
- * The study found that the BRAF mutation, common in melanomas, can cause whole-genome doubling by failing to complete cytokinesis, leading to increased chromosome numbers.
- * This process involves decreased RhoA activity, critical for cell division, with BRAF influencing centriole amplification, thus linking certain mutations to the development of tumor characteristics.*
Typical, atypical and cryptic t(15;17)(q24;q21) (PML::RARA) observed in acute promyelocytic leukemia: A retrospective review of 831 patients with concurrent chromosome and PML::RARA dual-color dual-fusion FISH studies.
Genes Chromosomes Cancer
October 2022
Division of Hematopathology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
Article Synopsis
- * Of the cases, 87% displayed the typical t(15;17) chromosomal translocation, while 6% had atypical genetic patterns and 0.7% were cryptic despite having the fusion identified by advanced methods.
- * The research highlights the prevalence of additional chromosomal abnormalities and complex karyotypes in APL cases, providing valuable insights for clinicians and researchers working with this leukemia type.
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