There no doubts that hypercholesterolemia and elevated concentrations of low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol (Ch) especially is one of main risk factors of premature development of ischemic heart disease (IHD) in middle aged men. Proofs of dependence of development of IHD on Ch and LDL-Ch levels in middle aged women are less convincing. Relationship between IHD risk and levels of total Ch and LDL-Ch weakens with age. For example according to data of Framingham study relationship of IHD total Ch level in men was close only in the age group 35-64 years and questionable in age group 65-94 years. Moreover according to data of epidemiological investigations after 70-80 years relationship between total Ch and IHD death becomes negative both in men and women. In a row of prospective studies it was found that in elderly people reverse relationship exists between total mortality and baseline concentrations of total Ch at the account of higher mortality due to extracardiac diseases in people with hypocholesterolemia.
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