Langerin, a lectin that is specific to Langerhans cells, interacts with glycoconjugates through its carbohydrate-recognition domain (CRD). This carbohydrate binding occurs by an avidity-based mechanism that is enabled by the neck domain responsible for trimerization. Langerin binds HIV through its CRD and thus plays a protective role against its propagation by the internalization of virions in Birbeck granules. Here, the overproduction, purification and crystallization of the langerin CRD is reported. Crystals obtained by the hanging-drop vapour-diffusion method allowed the collection of a complete data set to 1.5 A resolution and belonged to the tetragonal space group P4(2), with unit-cell parameters a = b = 79.55, c = 90.14 A.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S1744309108001000 | DOI Listing |
Metab Eng
November 2024
Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA; Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA. Electronic address:
Plecomacrolides, such as concanamycins and bafilomycins, are potent and specific inhibitors of vacuolar-type ATPase. Concanamycins are 18-membered macrolides with promising therapeutic potential against multiple diseases, including viral infection, osteoporosis, and cancer. Due to the complexity of their total synthesis, the production of concanamycins is only achieved through microbial fermentation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFReactive oxygen species (ROS) are a set of oxygen- and nitrogen-containing radicals. They are produced from a wide range of sources. In biological contexts, cellular stress leads to an overproduction of ROS, which can lead to genetic damage and disease development.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCells
September 2024
Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Maersk Tower 7-9, DK-2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark.
Human monocarboxylate transporters (hMCTs) belong to the solute carrier 16 (SLC16) family of proteins and are responsible for the bi-directional transport of various metabolites, including monocarboxylates, hormones, and aromatic amino acids. Hence, the metabolic role of hMCTs is undisputable, as they are directly involved in providing nutrients for oxidation and gluconeogenesis as well as participate in circulation of iodothyronines. However, due to the difficulty in obtaining suitable amounts of stable hMCT samples, the structural information available for these transporters is limited, hindering the development of effective therapeutics.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiomolecules
July 2024
School of Agriculture, Food, and Ecosystem Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia.
Melanin naturally exists in organisms and is synthetized by tyrosinase (TYR); however, its over-production may lead to aberrant pigmentation and skin conditions. Loquat ( (Thunb.) Lindl.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMethods Enzymol
June 2024
Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States. Electronic address:
Expression and purification of membrane-bound proteins remains a challenge and limits enzymology efforts, contributing to a substantial knowledge gap in the biochemical functions of many proteins found in nature. Accordingly, the study of bacterial UbiA terpene synthases (TSs) has been limited due to the experimental hurdles required to purify active enzymes for characterization in vitro. Previous work employed the use of microsomes or crude membrane fractions to test enzyme activity; however, these methods can be labor intensive, require access to an ultracentrifuge, or may not be suitable for all membrane-bound TSs.
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