[Strategy of controlling fluid resuscitation for severe acute pancreatitis in acute phase].

Objective: To investigate the strategy of controlling fluid resuscitation for severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) in acute phase.

Methods: From March 2001 to January 2006, 83 patients meeting for experimental criteria were included in this clinical trial. They were divided into early fluid expansion group (Group I, within 24 h after admission, 21 patients), middle fluid expansion group (Group II, within 25 - 48 h, 35 patients) and late fluid expansion group (Group III, within 49 - 72 h, 27 patients). Parameters of treatment of fluid therapy within 4 d after admission were observed. Serum lactic level was measured on admission and on meeting for criteria of fluid expansion. APACHEII scores, operation rate within 2 weeks, rate of mechanical ventilation, rate of ACS and survival rate were observed.

Results: Time interval for meeting fluid expansion criteria in Group I, Group II, Group III was (13 +/- 6) h, (38 +/- 5) h and (61 +/- 8) h, respectively. And there was statistical significance among them (P < 0.05). HCT (%) in Group I (33 +/- 6)% was lower than that of Group II (40 +/- 6)% and Group III (42 +/- 11)% significantly (P < 0.01) at the first day after admission; and there was no statistical significance between Group II and Group III. The amount of crystal and colloid infused in Group I (4014 +/- 2887) ml and (1220 +/- 705) ml at the day of admission was more than those of Group II (2366 +/- 1959) ml and (821 +/- 600) ml and Group III (2615 +/- 1574) ml and (701 +/- 585) ml (P < 0.01); but there was not different between Group II and Group III (P > 0.05). The ratio of colloid and crystal in Group III at the day of admission was lower than those of Group I and Group II (P < 0.05). The total amount of fluid infused was not different among 3 groups for the 4 d (P > 0.05). And infusion rate at the day of admission in Group I was more rapid than those of Group II and Group III (P < 0.05); and there was no difference between Group II and Group III (P > 0.05). The total amount of fluid sequestration in Group II for the 4 d was lower than those of Group I and Group III (P < 0.05); and there was no statistical significance between Group I and Group III (P > 0.05). At the first to the third day after admission APACHEII scores in Group I were higher than those of Group II and Group III (P < 0.05); and at the second and third day, APACHEII scores in Group III were higher than those of Group II (P < 0.05). Rate of mechanical ventilation in Group I (85.7%) was higher than those of Group II (37.1%) and group III (63.0%) (P < 0.05); and rate of ACS was most lowest in Group II (37.1%) (P < 0.05). Survival rate in Group I (38.1%) was lower than those of Group II (85.7%) and Group III (66.7%) (P < 0.05); and Group III was lower than that of Group II (P = 0.075).

Conclusions: Within 72 h after onset of the disease, survival rate is improved significantly through controlling fluid resuscitation and prevention of body fluid sequestration.