Variations of nucleotide composition and frequency of CpG and CpNpG sequences in the clusters of nuclear ribosomal genes of taxa, belonging to two phylogenetic branches of Angiospermae have been statistically analyzed. This region of eucaryotic genomes is nucleolus organizer and functions in a separate compartment of cell nucleus that can do running here processes it is enough specific. It is shown that level of evolution advance of a taxon, defined on morphological data, is in positive correlation with quantitative value of dC, CpG and CpNpG. This is found in contradiction with beliefs about the general rules of the transformation of nucleotide composition in evolution, that suggest a CpG suppression. Cryptaffinous taxa being connecting link between a well morphological outlined taxonomic group, differ to be raised in
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Plant Sci
July 2023
Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia, Jagiellonska 28, 40-032 Katowice, Poland. Electronic address:
Plant Glycogen Synthase Kinases (GSKs) enable a crosstalk among the brassinosteroid signaling and phytohormonal- and stress-response pathways to regulate various physiological processes. Initial information about regulation of the GSK proteins' activity was obtained, however, mechanisms that modulate expression of the GSK genes during plant development and stress responses remain largely unknown. Taking into account the importance of the GSK proteins, combined with the lack of in-depth knowledge about modulation of their expression, research in this area may provide a significant insight into mechanisms regulating these aspects of plant biology.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Mol Sci
March 2019
Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Medical University of Lodz, Muszyńskiego l, 90-151 Lodz, Poland.
hairy root cultures synthesize triterpenoid saponins named ginsenosides, that have multidirectional pharmacological activity. The first rate-limiting enzyme in the process of their biosynthesis is 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl CoA reductase (HMGR). In this study, a 741 bp fragment of the gene (), consisting of a proximal promoter, 5'UTR (5' untranslated region) and 5'CDS (coding DNA sequence) was isolated.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFComput Biol Chem
June 2016
Department of Biotechnology, Guru Nanak Dev University (GNDU), Amritsar, 143005, Punjab, India. Electronic address:
NADPH oxidase (NOX) is a critical enzyme in the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). It catalyzes the production of apoplastic superoxide (O2(-)), that regulates a wide array of biological functions in different organisms. Plant Noxes are homologs of catalytic subunit of mammalian NADPH oxidase and are well-known as Respiratory burst oxidase homologs (Rbohs).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnal Biochem
September 2011
Department of Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Tobetsu-cho, Hokkaido 061-0293, Japan.
DNA methylation is an important epigenetic modification that leads to a wide variety of biological functions, including transcription, growth and development, and diseases associated with altered gene expression such as cancers. However, tools to insert site-specific methylation into DNA for analyzing epigenetic functions are limited. Here we describe a novel polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based approach to provide site-specific DNA methylation at any site, including CpG or CpNpG islands.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMethods Mol Biol
August 2011
Faculty of Agriculture, Ehime University, 790-8566 Matsuyama, Japan.
RNA silencing is a sequence-specific RNA degradation mechanism conserved in eukaryotes including fungi, plants, and animals. One of the three RNA silencing pathways is DNA methylation which is the result of interaction between DNA and siRNA, a hallmark of RNA silencing. Bisulfite sequencing can be very powerful for DNA methylation analysis in this context.
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