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Turbulence in the tropical stratosphere, equatorial Kelvin waves, and the quasi-biennial oscillation.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
January 2025
Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique/Institut Pierre Simon Laplace, École Normale Supérieure- Paris Sciences et Lettres Université, École Polytechnique- Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Paris 91128, France.
The tropical stratosphere is the gateway to the global stratosphere and a commonly proposed location for solar geoengineering. The dynamics of this remote and difficult to observe region are poorly understood, particularly at turbulent length scales. Existing observational estimates of turbulence frequency and strength vary widely.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIodine Activation from Iodate Reduction in Aqueous Films via Photocatalyzed and Dark Reactions.
ACS Earth Space Chem
December 2024
Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado Boulder Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States.
Iodine in the atmosphere destroys ozone and can nucleate particles by formation of iodic acid, HIO. Recent field observations suggest iodate recycles from particles sustaining significant gas-phase IO radical concentrations (0.06 pptv) in aged stratospheric air, and in elevated dust plumes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChanges in total sulfur of lake sediments from central-eastern China linked to volcanic aerosol and human activity.
Sci Total Environ
December 2024
School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China; Anhui Geological Archives, Hefei 230002, China.
Investigations into the repercussions of human activities on global climate and the ecological environment have received widespread attention. Over the past century, research has primarily focused on the impact of heavy metals and nutrients on lake ecosystems, along with their links to human activities. However, there is a noticeable dearth in explorations of historical variations in sulfur (S), an element that also has complex adverse effects on the environment and ecosystems.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCirrus cloud occurrence and its geometrical and optical properties during the transient monsoon conditions.
Sci Total Environ
December 2024
Atmospheric Observations and Modelling Laboratory (AOML), Department of Physics and Nanotechnology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, India; Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India.
Knowledge of variation in the percentage occurrence of the cirrus clouds (POC) during transient monsoon conditions is essential for understanding the role of the monsoon in transporting the water vapor into the lower stratosphere which is vital in quantifying the radiation budget of the earth-atmosphere system. In this paper, we present the spatial structure of the POC, the geometrical properties such as cloud top and base height (CTH & CBH), cloud thickness (CTH-CBH), optical properties such as optically thick, thin, and subvisible cirrus clouds during the active and break phases of the Asian summer monsoon using Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observation (CALIPSO) during July-August 2006-2018. The active and break phases are identified based on the central India rainfall from the India Meteorological Department dataset.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRegional impacts of solar radiation modification on surface temperature and precipitation in Mainland Southeast Asia and the adjacent oceans.
Sci Rep
September 2024
Data-Driven Simulation and Systems Research Team, National Electronics and Computer Technology Center, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand.
Solar radiation modification (SRM) has been proposed to temporarily reduce anthropogenic warming. This study presents an assessment of the regional impacts of SRM via solar dimming and stratospheric aerosol injection (SAI) on temperature and precipitation over 0°-30° N and 90° E-110° E, covering Mainland Southeast Asia and adjacent oceans. Using data from the Geoengineering Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (GeoMIP6), we examine regional impacts of SRM using three SRM experiments: (1) G6Sulfur, which reduces radiative forcing from the high-emission SSP5-8.
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