We study the public goods game in the noisy case by considering the players with inhomogeneous activity of teaching on a square lattice. It is shown that the introduction of the inhomogeneous activity of teaching the players can remarkably promote cooperation. By investigating the effects of noise on cooperative behavior in detail, we find that the variation of cooperator density rhoC with the noise parameter kappa displays several different behaviors: rhoC monotonically increases (decreases) with kappa; rhoC first increases (decreases) with kappa and then it decreases (increases) monotonically after reaching its maximum (minimum) value, which depends on the amount of the multiplication factor r, on whether the system is homogeneous or inhomogeneous, and on whether the adopted updating is synchronous or asynchronous. These results imply that the noise plays an important and nontrivial role in the evolution of cooperation.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.76.056101 | DOI Listing |
Cureus
December 2024
Department of Radiology, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, JPN.
Purpose In linac-based stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) utilizing a multileaf collimator (MLC) for brain metastases (BMs), a volumetric-modulated arc (VMA) technique is indispensable for generating a suitable dose distribution with efficient planning and delivery. However, the optimal calculation grid spacing (GS) and statistical uncertainty (SU) of the Monte Carlo algorithm for VMA optimization have yet to be determined. This planning study aimed to examine the impacts of GS and GU settings on VMA-based SRS planning and to find the optimal combination for templating.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
January 2025
Ernst Strüngmann Institute, Frankfurt am Main 60528, Germany.
The dynamics of neuronal systems are characterized by hallmark features such as oscillations and synchrony. However, it has remained unclear whether these characteristics are epiphenomena or are exploited for computation. Due to the challenge of selectively interfering with oscillatory network dynamics in neuronal systems, we simulated recurrent networks of damped harmonic oscillators in which oscillatory activity is enforced in each node, a choice well supported by experimental findings.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Phys Chem C Nanomater Interfaces
January 2025
School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, U.K.
Understanding the role of structural and environmental dynamics in the excited state properties of strongly coupled chromophores is of paramount importance in molecular photonics. Ultrafast, coherent, and multidimensional spectroscopies have been utilized to investigate such dynamics in the simplest model system, the molecular dimer. Here, we present a half-broadband two-dimensional electronic spectroscopy (HB2DES) study of the previously reported ultrafast symmetry-breaking charge separation (SB-CS) in the subphthalocyanine oxo-bridged homodimer μ-OSubPc.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFComput Biol Med
January 2025
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Swansea University, Swansea, United Kingdom; Zienkiewicz Institute for Modelling Data and AI, Swansea University, Swansea, United Kingdom. Electronic address:
Most cell types are mechanosensitive, their activities such as differentiation, proliferation and apoptosis, can be influenced by the mechanical environment through mechanical stimulation. In three dimensional (3D) mechanobiological in vitro studies, the porous structure of scaffold controls the local mechanical environment that applied to cells. Many previous studies have focused on the topological design of homogeneous scaffold struts.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHealth Phys
January 2025
National Institute for Radiological Protection, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100088, China.
Inhalation of 131I is the main route for internal doses to nuclear medicine workers. This study aimed to establish a simple analysis method for determining 131I activity in carbon cartridges, explore the activity concentration of 131I in nuclear medicine departments, and evaluate the internal dose of workers. A total of 21 nuclear medicine departments in the hospital conducted air sampling using a high-volume air sampler equipped with carbon cartridges and glass fiber filters to collect gaseous 131I and aerosol 131I, respectively.
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