In the course of synthetic studies towards the development of diastereoselective routes to secoiridoid aglycones, cis-1,2,4,6-tetrahydrophthalic anhydride was transformed into the corresponding lactone cis-3a,4,7,7a-tetrahydro-3H-isobenzofuran-1-one, which served as a key precursor for a variety of chemoselective synthetic manipulations. Unsuccessful formylation of an ester intermediate resulted in a (E/Z) mixture of vinyl alcohols which were protected as acetates and as a single p-methoxybenzyl (PMB) ether (E) isomer. Dihydroxylation of the cyclohexene motif using OsO(4) led to the unexpected deprotection of the PMB ether. On the other hand, successful formylation of a suitably silyl protected lactonised intermediate was achieved using tert-butoxybis(dimethylamino)methane, or Bredereck's reagent. Tetrabutylammonium fluoride (TBAF) deprotection of a methoxyethoxymethyl (MEM)-ether intermediate serendipitously afforded an approximately 1 : 1 mixture of pyrano-pyranones, which are products of a seldom encountered intramolecular Michael addition, using an oxygen donor, to the terminus of an alpha,beta-unsaturated system, followed by beta-elimination of the MEM moiety.
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Int J Biol Macromol
January 2025
Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding, Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China; Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Biologics, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China. Electronic address:
The application of hydrogels to drug delivery limited by the difficulty of encapsulating hydrophobic drugs; therefore, the development of novel composite hydrogels for the delivery of hydrophobic drugs is urgently needed. In this study, terbinafine hydrochloride/hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin inclusion complexes (TFH/HP-β-CD ICs) were added to a Schiff base hydrogel matrix containing octenyl succinic anhydride-modified chitosan (OSA-CS) and sodium alginate (OIA) to prepare a TFH composite hydrogel (TFH GEL). The results revealed that the solubility of TFH in water within TFH/HP-β-CD IC reached 32.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnal Chim Acta
March 2025
Key Laboratory of Interfacial Reaction & Sensing Analysis in Universities of Shandong, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, PR China; Department of Chemistry, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea. Electronic address:
The development of aggregation-induced emission (AIE) luminophores is a fascinating and promising topic in electrochemiluminescence (ECL) bioanalysis. Herein, the AIE-active but water-insoluble [Ir(bt)₂(acac)] (bt = 2-phenylbenzothiazole, acac = acetylacetonate) was encapsulated within poly(styrene-maleic anhydride) (PSMA) using a simple nanoprecipitation method. This encapsulation strategy could effectively limit the free motion of Ir(bt)₂(acac) and trigger the aggregation-induced electrochemiluminescence (AIECL) effect.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOrg Lett
January 2025
Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States.
The reactivity between sulfonimidamide-derived imines and cyclic anhydrides has been investigated. Sulfonimidamide imines readily react with homophthalic anhydride under mild conditions in the presence of non-nucleophilic bases to yield complex lactam products with high diastereoselectivity. Furthermore, it was discovered that sulfonimidamide imines react with homophthalic anhydride in the absence of a base to yield distinct diastereomer products with high diastereoselectivity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Colloid Interface Sci
January 2025
School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, PR China. Electronic address:
Modern microelectronics industries urgently require dielectric materials with low thermal expansion coefficients, low dielectric constants, and minimal dielectric loss. However, the design principles of materials with low dielectric constants and low thermal expansion are contradictory. In this study, a new diamine monomer containing a dibenzocyclooctadiene unit (DBCOD-NH) was designed and synthesized, which was subsequently polymerized with high fluorine content 4,4'-hexafluoroisopr-opylidene diphthalic anhydride and 4,4'-diamino-2,2'-bis(trifleoromethyl)biphenyl to obtain a series of fluorinated polyimides (PIs).
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