Relational thinking plays a central role in human cognition. However, it is not known how children and adults acquire relational concepts and come to represent them in a form that is useful for the purposes of relational thinking (i.e., as structures that can be dynamically bound to arguments). The authors present a theory of how a psychologically and neurally plausible cognitive architecture can discover relational concepts from examples and represent them as explicit structures (predicates) that can take arguments (i.e., predicate them). The theory is instantiated as a computer program called DORA (Discovery Of Relations by Analogy). DORA is used to simulate the discovery of novel properties and relations, as well as a body of empirical phenomena from the domain of relational learning and the development of relational representations in children and adults.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.115.1.1 | DOI Listing |
J Marital Fam Ther
January 2025
Department of Counseling Psychology, Hanyang Cyber University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
This study explored the structural relationships among family of origin health, self-differentiation, mentalization, and marital satisfaction, focusing on indirect effects and gender differences. Data from 400 married Korean adults aged 30-49 were analyzed using structural equation modeling and multigroup analysis. Results revealed that all paths were significant except the direct impact of family-of-origin health on marital satisfaction.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFActa Pharm Sin B
December 2024
State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China.
The orphan nuclear receptor Nur77 is emerging as an attractive target for cancer therapy, and activating Nur77's non-genotypic anticancer function has demonstrated strong therapeutic potential. However, few Nur77 site B ligands have been identified as excellent anticancer compounds. There are no co-crystal structures of effective anticancer agents at Nur77 site B, which greatly limits the development of novel Nur77 site B ligands.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCan Med Educ J
December 2024
Université de Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada.
Background: Community service-learning activities (CSL) have been integrated into medical schools for several years. However, little data exists to understand the impact of this type of activity on students and communities. The purpose of this research was to explore the effect of a mandatory community-based training activity offered to medical students.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHum Reprod Open
January 2025
Regional Center of Pharmacovigilance, Pharmacology Department, Cochin Hospital, AP-HP.Centre-Université Paris Cité, Paris, France.
Study Question: Is there an association between dydrogesterone exposure during early pregnancy and the reporting of birth defects?
Summary Answer: This observational analysis based on global safety data showed an increased reporting of birth defects, mainly hypospadias and congenital heart defects (CHD), in pregnancies exposed to dydrogesterone, especially when comparing to progesterone.
What Is Known Already: Intravaginal administration of progesterone is the standard of care to overcome luteal phase progesterone deficiency induced by ovarian stimulation in ART. In recent years, randomized controlled clinical trials demonstrated that oral dydrogesterone was non-inferior for pregnancy rate at 12 weeks of gestation and could be an alternative to micronized vaginal progesterone.
Chemistry
January 2025
Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospekt 47, 119991, Moscow, RUSSIAN FEDERATION.
Palladium catalysts form a cornerstone of modern chemistry with upmost scientific and industrial impact. Bulk palladium metal itself is chemically inert, and a sequence of chemical transformations has to be utilized to convert the metal into Pd pre-catalyst covered by ligands. However, the "cocktail" of catalysis concept discovered recently has shown that Pd systems can efficiently operate in catalysis without the necessity of a complicated and expensive pre-installed ligand environment.
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