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Phytoliths in taxonomy of phylogenetic domains of plants.
Biomed Res Int
June 2015
Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Blagoveshchensk State Pedagogical University, 104 Lenina Street, Blagoveshchensk 675000, Russia.
We discuss, from the aspect of phylogeny, the interrelationships of the phytolith types in plants from the main taxonomical groups (algae, lichens, horsetails, gymnosperms, and floral plants) with homologues of known proteins of biomineralization. Phytolith morphotypes in various phylogenetic plant domains have different shapes. We found that, in ancient types of plants (algae, horsetails, and gymnosperms), there are fewer different phytolith morphotypes compared to more modern plants (floral plants).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiomineralization in diatoms: the role of silacidins.
Chembiochem
June 2011
Allgemeine Biochemie, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
Diatoms are eukaryotic, unicellular algae encased within siliceous cell walls (frustules), which are precisely reproduced generation by generation. The production of this nanostructured silica is under genetic control and the isolation of specific gene products (the proteins silaffins, silacidins) guiding the biomineralization processes, and which are necessary to produce the frustules, has already been described. Under silicon starvation, the amount of silacidins present in the cell walls of Thalassiosira pseudonana increases relative to other proteins.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExtensive and intimate association of the cytoskeleton with forming silica in diatoms: control over patterning on the meso- and micro-scale.
PLoS One
December 2010
Marine Biology Research Division, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America.
Background: The diatom cell wall, called the frustule, is predominantly made out of silica, in many cases with highly ordered nano- and micro-scale features. Frustules are built intracellularly inside a special compartment, the silica deposition vesicle, or SDV. Molecules such as proteins (silaffins and silacidins) and long chain polyamines have been isolated from the silica and shown to be involved in the control of the silica polymerization.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCharacterization of an endoplasmic reticulum-associated silaffin kinase from the diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana.
J Biol Chem
January 2010
School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0400, USA.
The formation of SiO(2)-based cell walls by diatoms (a large group of unicellular microalgae) is a well established model system for the study of molecular mechanisms of biological mineral morphogenesis (biomineralization). Diatom biomineralization involves highly phosphorylated proteins (silaffins and silacidins), analogous to other biomineralization systems, which also depend on diverse sets of phosphoproteins (e.g.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSilacidins: highly acidic phosphopeptides from diatom shells assist in silica precipitation in vitro.
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl
March 2008
Lehrstuhl Biochemie I, Universität Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany.
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