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The effectiveness of community-wide screening for pulmonary tuberculosis: a systematic review.
EClinicalMedicine
January 2025
Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Global Health, Stellenbosch University, Western Cape, South Africa.
This systematic review evaluated the effectiveness of community-wide screening for pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) in high-burden areas by analysing randomised controlled trials (RCTs). The review focused on interventions offering TB screening to entire communities, comparing them to standard care or alternative approaches. The main outcome assessed was microbiologically confirmed TB diagnoses, including rates and prevalence.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiomarker-guided antibiotic stewardship in neonatology: time for implementation?
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Dept of Paediatrics and Child Health, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa.
Variations and Opportunities in Postnatal Management of Hemolytic Disease of the Fetus and Newborn.
JAMA Netw Open
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Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Willem-Alexander Children's Hospital, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.
Importance: Preventive efforts in pregnancy-related alloimmunization have considerably decreased the prevalence of hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn (HDFN). International studies are therefore essential to obtain a deeper understanding of the postnatal management and outcomes of HDFN. Taken together with numerous treatment options, large practice variations among centers may exist.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhylogenomic insights into the taxonomy, ecology, and mating systems of the lorchel family Discinaceae (Pezizales, Ascomycota).
Mol Phylogenet Evol
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Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology and University of Michigan Herbarium, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
Lorchels, also known as false morels (Gyromitra sensu lato), are iconic due to their brain-shaped mushrooms and production of gyromitrin, a deadly mycotoxin. Molecular phylogenetic studies have hitherto failed to resolve deep-branching relationships in the lorchel family, Discinaceae, hampering our ability to settle longstanding taxonomic debates and to reconstruct the evolution of toxin production. We generated 75 draft genomes from cultures and ascomata (some collected as early as 1960), conducted phylogenomic analyses using 1542 single-copy orthologs to infer the early evolutionary history of lorchels, and identified genomic signatures of trophic mode and mating-type loci to better understand lorchel ecology and reproductive biology.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTime for change: integrating cranial ultrasound into routine practice in sub-Saharan Africa.
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Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa.
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