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The measles virus matrix F50S mutation from a lethal case of subacute sclerosing panencephalitis promotes receptor-independent neuronal spread.
J Virol
December 2024
Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) is a lethal neurological disorder occurring several years after measles. Reconstruction of the evolution of the measles virus (MeV) genome in an SSPE case suggested that the matrix (M) protein mutation M-F50S, when added to other mutations, drove neuropathogenesis. However, whether and how M-F50S would promote spread independently from other mutations was in question.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCryo-EM structure of Nipah virus L-P polymerase complex.
Nat Commun
December 2024
Beijing Life Science Academy, Beijing, China.
Nipah virus (NiV) is a non-segmented, negative-strand (NNS) RNA virus, belonging to Paramyxoviridae. The RNA polymerase complex, composed of large (L) protein and tetrameric phosphoprotein (P), is responsible for genome transcription and replication by catalyzing NTP polymerization, mRNA capping and cap methylation. Here, we determine the cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) structure of fully bioactive NiV L-P polymerase complex at a resolution of 3.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWe introduce a novel model of nonsegmented negative-strand RNA virus (NNSV) transcription. Previous models have relied on polymerase behavioral differences in the highly conserved intergenic sequences. Our model hypothesizes the transcriptional gradient in NNSVs is explained through a simple model with two parameters associated with the viral polymerase.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIdentification of a novel ephemerovirus in a water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis [Linnaeus, 1758]).
J Vet Med Sci
November 2024
School of Veterinary Science, College of Life, Environment, and Advanced Science, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka, Japan.
Article Synopsis
- Ephemeroviruses are a group of RNA viruses that infect certain mammals and insects, but there's still a lot to learn about their diversity.
- Researchers identified a new ephemerovirus called Punjab virus (PBV) in a water buffalo using RNA-sequencing data, discovering almost the entire genome of the virus.
- The findings suggest that the water buffalo is the main host for PBV and help clarify the genetic differences within the ephemerovirus group, contributing to our knowledge of these viruses.
Liquid-liquid phase inclusion bodies in acute and persistent parainfluenaza virus type 5 infections.
J Gen Virol
September 2024
School of Biology, Centre for Biomolecular Sciences, BMS Building, North Haugh, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, Fife, KY16 9ST, UK.
Cytoplasmic inclusion bodies (IBs) are a common feature of single-stranded, non-segmented, negative-strand RNA virus (Mononegavirales) infections and are thought to be regions of active virus transcription and replication. Here we followed the dynamics of IB formation and maintenance in cells infected with persistent and lytic/acute variants of the paramyxovirus, parainfluenza virus type 5 (PIV5). We show that there is a rapid increase in the number of small inclusions bodies up until approximately 12 h post-infection.
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