On the largest scales, matter is strung out on an intricate pattern known as the cosmic web. The tendrils of this web should reach right into our own cosmic backyard, lacing the Galactic halo with lumps of dark matter. The search for these lumps, lit up by stars that formed within them, is a major astronomical endeavor, although it has failed to find the huge expected population. Is this a dark matter crisis, or does it provide clues to the complexities of gas physics in the early universe? New technologies in the coming decade will reveal the answer.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1152008 | DOI Listing |
J Environ Radioact
December 2024
Institut für Meteorologie, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
The concentration of near-surface Beryllium-7 contains valuable information about the atmosphere, e.g., the tropospheric circulation, precipitation pattern or specific atmospheric phenomena, like the El Niño Southern Oscillation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNature
September 2024
Cahill Center for Astronomy and Astrophysics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA.
When sustained for megayears (refs. ), high-power jets from supermassive black holes (SMBHs) become the largest galaxy-made structures in the Universe. By pumping electrons, atomic nuclei and magnetic fields into the intergalactic medium (IGM), these energetic flows affect the distribution of matter and magnetism in the cosmic web and could have a sweeping cosmological influence if they reached far at early epochs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiosystems
September 2024
Unconventional Computing Lab, UWE, Bristol, UK.
Fungal mycelium networks are large scale biological networks along which nutrients, metabolites flow. Recently, we discovered a rich spectrum of electrical activity in mycelium networks, including action-potential spikes and trains of spikes. Reasoning by analogy with animals and plants, where travelling patterns of electrical activity perform integrative and communicative mechanisms, we speculated that waves of electrical activity transfer information in mycelium networks.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLancet Gastroenterol Hepatol
April 2024
Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy; Medical Oncology and Hematology Unit, Humanitas Cancer Center, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy.
Background: The aim of the COSMIC-312 trial was to evaluate cabozantinib plus atezolizumab versus sorafenib in patients with previously untreated advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. In the initial analysis, cabozantinib plus atezolizumab significantly prolonged progression-free survival versus sorafenib. Here, we report the pre-planned final overall survival analysis and updated safety and efficacy results following longer follow-up.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHardwareX
March 2024
Department of Health Physics and Diagnostic Sciences, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA.
Despite being widely used for high-resolution spectral analysis and quantifying low activity in natural samples, the operations and data analysis of High Purity Germanium (HPGe) gamma-ray detectors are seldom fully automated due to the excessive costs associated with commercially available automatic sample changing systems. This paper introduces the design and implementation of a cost-effective, customized remote gamma-ray spectra collection system centered around the HPGe detector coupled to a cosmic-ray veto background reduction device. The HPGe detector system, equipped with a Lynx DSA, is seamlessly integrated with an economically viable automatic sample changer.
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