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The exploration of rotenone as a toxin for inducing Parkinson's disease in rats, for application in BBB transport and PK-PD experiments. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • The study aimed to find a suitable rat model for researching blood-brain barrier (BBB) transport mechanisms in Parkinson's disease by infusing the toxin rotenone through two methods: subcutaneous (SC) and intracerebral (IC).
  • While SC infusion led to peripheral toxicity without dopaminergic lesions, IC infusion resulted in significant dopaminergic pathway damage over 28 days without causing peripheral toxicity.
  • The findings suggest that IC rotenone better mimics Parkinson’s disease progression and the associated effects on the nigrostriatal pathway compared to more commonly used models.

Article Abstract

Introduction: In search for a suitable rat model to study potentially affected blood-brain barrier (BBB) transport mechanisms in the course of Parkinsons disease (PD) progression, experiments were performed to characterise Parkinsons disease markers following subcutaneous (SC) and intracerebral (IC) infusion of the toxin rotenone in the rat.

Methods: Studies were performed using Male Lewis rats. SC infusion of rotenone (3 mg/kg/day) was performed via an osmotic minipump. IC infusion of rotenone occurred directly into the right medial forebrain bundle at three different dosages. At different times following rotenone infusion, behaviour, histopathology (tyrosine hydroxylase and alpha-synuclein immunocytochemistry), peripheral organ pathology (adrenals, heart, kidney, liver, lung, spleen and stomach) were assessed. In part of the SC and IC rats, BBB transport profiles of the permeability marker sodium fluorescein were determined using microdialysis.

Results: SC rotenone failed to produce dopaminergic lesions and led to extensive peripheral organ toxicity. BBB permeability for fluorescein following SC rotenone was changed, however due peripheral toxicity. In contrast, IC rotenone produced a progressive lesion of the nigrostrial dopaminergic pathway over 28 days with no associated peripheral toxicity. IC rotenone also exhibited a large increase in amphetamine induced rotational behaviour. In addition, a few IC rats showed alpha-synuclein immunoreactivity and aggregation. Following IC rotenone, no changes in BBB permeability were detected after 14 days.

Discussion: SC rotenone only produced peripheral toxicity. IC rotenone appeared to create a progressive lesion of the rat nigrostrial pathway, and may therefore be a more appropriate model of Parkinson's disease progression, compared with the most commonly used 6-OH-DA rat model.

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Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vascn.2007.10.003DOI Listing

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