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Mustard Gas Induced Corneal Injury Involves Ferroptosis and p38 MAPK Signaling.
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci
January 2025
Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans' Hospital, Columbia, Missouri, United States.
Purpose: Sulfur mustard gas (SM) exposure to eyes causes multiple corneal injuries including stromal cell loss in vivo. However, mechanisms mediating stromal cell loss/death remains elusive. This study sought to test the novel hypothesis that SM-induced toxicity to human corneal stromal fibroblasts involves ferroptosis mechanism via p38 MAPK signaling.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAcute exposure to nitrogen mustard induces rapid nuclear component regulation and delayed stress to exogenous stimuli.
Int Immunopharmacol
January 2025
Clinical and Public Health Research Center, Women and Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Research Center for Prevention & Control of Matermal and Child Disease and Public Health, Chongqing, China. Electronic address:
Nitrogen mustard (NM) is a vesicant agent with potent toxic effects on various tissues. Numerous theories have been proposed to explain its toxic mechanisms, yet research on the interconnections among these theories is lacking. This study focuses on analyzing the characteristics of genes involved in NM-induced bronchial injury within the Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAn Exploration of the Biochemistry of Mustard Seed Meals: A Phytochemical and In Silico Perspective.
Foods
December 2024
Department of Microbiology, Graphic Era University, Dehradun 248001, Uttarakhand, India.
The present investigation deals with comparisons drawn among three types of different mustard seed coat colors, namely, Black (), Brown (), and White (), with respect to protein's bio-availability through pepsin digestibility, with and without the involvement of major anti-nutritional factors (glucosinolate type AITC, Allylisothiothiocyanate) and relative food functions. These are validated by means of crude protein determination, precipitated protein isolate preparation for evaluating the fat absorption capacity (FAC), emulsifying activity (EA), emulsion stability (ES), whippability, foam stability (FS), the nitrogen solubility index (NSI), and the protein dispersibility index (PDI). The results indicate that the partial removal of glucosinolates from brown mustard (0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFColumn Screening and Development of HILIC and RPLC Methods Coupled to Tandem Mass Spectrometry for the Monitoring of Albumin on Cysteine 34 Exposed to Mustard Agents.
J Sep Sci
January 2025
Department of Analytical, Bioanalytical Sciences and Miniaturization (LSABM) Chemistry, Biology and Innovation (CBI), UMR CNRS-ESPCI Paris 8231, ESPCI Paris, PSL University, CNRS, Paris, France.
Adduction on protein nucleophile sites by mustard agents can be monitored to assess detection of retrospective exposure to these agents. Cysteine 34 (Cys34) on human serum albumin was selected as the target of choice. This work targets di- and tripeptides adducted on Cys34 by sulfur mustard, sesquimustard, and nitrogen mustards separated in hydrophilic liquid chromatography (HILIC) and Reversed-Phase (RP) mode.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRelevance of the Platelet-activating factor system in chemical warfare agents-induced effects.
Free Radic Biol Med
December 2024
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Boonshoft School of Medicine Wright State University, Dayton, OH, 45435, USA. Electronic address:
The threats to chemical warfare-associated agents (CWA), including nitrogen mustard, are increasing, and no direct antidote is currently available to mitigate the deleterious cutaneous and systemic responses to prevent mortality. Though most of these agents act as alkylating agents, a significant knowledge gap exists in the molecular mechanisms of how these vesicants cause toxic effects. Studies, including ours, have shown that exposure to reactive oxygen species (ROS)-generating stimuli, including alkylating chemotherapeutic agents, and thermal burn injuries with ethanol produce the potent family of lipid mediators, Platelet-activating factor (PAF) agonists that induce local inflammation, and multi-system organ dysfunction (MOD).
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