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Ecotoxicological strategies employing biochemical markers and organisms to monitor the efficacy of malathion photolysis treatment.
Chemosphere
June 2024
Research Group on Water and Wastewater Advanced Treatment Technologies (GPTec), Department of Academic Chemistry and Biology, Federal University of Technology-Paraná (UTFPR), Deputado Heitor de Alencar Furtado St., 5000, Ecoville, Curitiba, Paraná, 81280-340, Brazil. Electronic address:
The objective of this study was to assess the photolysis-mediated degradation of malathion in standard and commercial formulations, and to determine the toxicity of these degraded formulations. Degradation tests were carried out with 500 μg L of malathion and repeated three times. The initial and residual toxicity was assessed by using Lactuca sativa seeds for phytotoxicity, Stegomyia aegypti larvae for acute toxicity, and Stegomyia aegypti mosquitoes (cultivated from the larval stage until emergence as mosquitoes) to evaluate the biochemical markers of sublethal concentrations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNear-infrared light-driven asymmetric photolytic reduction of ketone using inorganic-enzyme hybrid biocatalyst.
Int J Biol Macromol
April 2024
Molecular Sciences Institute, School of Chemistry, University of the Witwatersrand, PO Wits, 2050 Johannesburg, South Africa; Department of Biotechnology, Section BOC, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, the Netherlands. Electronic address:
Effective photolytic regeneration of the NAD(P)H cofactor in enzymatic reductions is an important and elusive goal in biocatalysis. It can, in principle, be achieved using a near-infrared light (NIR) driven artificial photosynthesis system employing HO as the sacrificial reductant. To this end we utilized TiO/reduced graphene quantum dots (r-GQDs), combined with a novel rhodium electron mediator, to continuously supply NADPH in situ for aldo-keto reductase (AKR) mediated asymmetric reductions under NIR irradiation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCobalamin has shown promise as a light-sensitive drug delivery platform owing to its ease of modification and the high quantum yields for drug photorelease. However, studies to date on the general photochemistry of alkyl cobalamins have primarily focused on methyl and adenosyl-substituted derivatives, the natural cofactors present in various enzymatic species. We describe the synthesis and photolytic behavior of cobalamin conjugates comprised of different combinations of fluorophores and β-axial ligands.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhotolytic properties of B-dependent enzymes: A theoretical perspective.
Vitam Horm
April 2022
Department of Chemistry, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States. Electronic address:
The biologically active vitamin B derivates, methylcobalamin (MeCbl) and adenosylcobalamin (AdoCbl), are ubiquitous organometallic cofactors. In addition to their key roles in enzymatic catalysis, B cofactors have complex photolytic properties which have been the target of experimental and theoretical studies. With the recent discovery of B-dependent photoreceptors, there is an increased need to elucidate the underlying photochemical mechanisms of these systems.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLight-induced nitric oxide release in the skin beyond UVA and blue light: Red & near-infrared wavelengths.
Nitric Oxide
December 2021
Division of Dermatology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; RoseLab Skin Optics Research Laboratory, Laval, Quebec, Canada.
Nitric oxide (NO) is omnipresent in the body and synthesized by 3 isoenzymes (nNOS, eNOS and iNOS), all detected in human skin. NO can be stored in a pool of compounds readily converted to NO following skin irradiation by UVR and blue light. This non-enzymatic (without NOS involvement) photolytic reaction mobilizes cutaneous stores of NO derivatives to the bloodstream, lowering blood pressure.
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