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The profound effect of diabetes mellitus control on outcomes of coccidioidomycosis.
Med Mycol
January 2025
Division of Infectious Diseases.
Coccidioidomycosis is an endemic fungal infection caused by the soil-dwelling Coccidioides immitis/posadasii. One prior study showed that persons with diabetes mellitus (DM) with elevated glucose at the time of coccidioidomycosis had poorer coccidioidal outcomes compared to persons without DM. The purpose of this study was to assess the association between hemoglobin A1C (A1C) and outcomes among persons with coccidioidomycosis and co-existing DM.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCoccidioidal Meningitis in a Patient With HIV.
Cureus
December 2024
Family Medicine Alexandria, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Alexandria, USA.
Coccidioidal meningitis is a rare yet life-threatening complication of disseminated infection, primarily affecting immunocompromised individuals. and are dimorphic fungi endemic to the southwestern United States, where exposure to inhaled spores can lead to a range of clinical manifestations, including pulmonary and central nervous system (CNS) involvement. This report describes the case of a 27-year-old correctional officer with advanced human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection who presented with chronic headaches, altered mental status, and significant weight loss following his relocation from Arizona to Louisiana.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFValley-Forecast: Forecasting Coccidioidomycosis incidence via enhanced LSTM models trained on comprehensive meteorological data.
J Biomed Inform
January 2025
Department of Computer Science, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844, United States of America. Electronic address:
Coccidioidomycosis (cocci), or more commonly known as Valley Fever, is a fungal infection caused by Coccidioides species that poses a significant public health challenge, particularly in the semi-arid regions of the Americas, with notable prevalence in California and Arizona. Previous epidemiological studies have established a correlation between cocci incidence and regional weather patterns, indicating that climatic factors influence the fungus's life cycle and subsequent disease transmission. This study hypothesizes that Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) and extended Long Short-Term Memory (xLSTM) models, known for their ability to capture long-term dependencies in time-series data, can outperform traditional statistical methods in predicting cocci outbreak cases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOutcomes of Coccidioides Seropositive Solid Organ Transplant Recipients After Self-discontinuation of Antifungal Prophylaxis: The EIA-IgM-only Conundrum.
Transplantation
January 2025
Division of Infectious Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, AZ.
Background: Solid organ transplant recipients are at risk of severe coccidioidomycosis and are given prophylaxis to mitigate the risk. Patients with seropositive testing typically receive lifelong prophylaxis; currently, this prophylaxis strategy includes patients who are positive only for IgM by enzyme immunoassay (EIA-IgM-only), although this result may be falsely positive.
Methods: We conducted a retrospective study at a large-volume transplant center in an endemic coccidioidomycosis region to compare outcomes of non-lung transplant recipients who were seropositive for Coccidioides but discontinued prophylaxis (case patients) to outcomes of patients who continued prophylaxis (controls).
Estimating the Exposure-Response Relationship between Fine Mineral Dust Concentration and Coccidioidomycosis Incidence Using Speciated Particulate Matter Data: A Longitudinal Surveillance Study.
Environ Health Perspect
January 2025
Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, Nevada, USA.
Background: Coccidioidomycosis, caused by inhalation of spp. spores, is an emerging infectious disease that is increasing in incidence throughout the southwestern US. The pathogen is soil-dwelling, and spore dispersal and human exposure are thought to co-occur with airborne mineral dust exposures, yet fundamental exposure-response relationships have not been conclusively estimated.
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