Background: Extrapolation of rat testicular descent studies to humans has been criticized because of anatomical differences of the cremaster muscle. Human cremaster is described as a thin strip rather than a large, complete sac as in rats, which is proposed to be more important in propelling the testis during descent. This study investigated cremaster muscle anatomy and ontogeny in both normal and cryptorchid rat models.
Methods: Gubernacula from 4 groups of neonatal rats were sectioned longitudinally and transversely: normal Sprague-Dawley, capsaicin pretreated, flutamide pretreated, and congenital cryptorchid rats. Gubernacula were stained with hematoxylin-eosin, Masson trichrome, and desmin immunohistochemistry to study muscle development.
Results: Myoblasts are more numerous at the gubernacular tip, whereas the most differentiated muscle is proximal. Rat cremaster develops as an elongated strip rather than a complete sac derived from abdominal wall muscles. Flutamide and capsaicin pretreatment disrupts development.
Conclusion: Rat cremaster muscle develops as a strip, bearing close resemblance to human cremaster muscle, permitting extrapolation of cremaster function to human testicular descent. The cremaster muscle appears to differentiate from the gubernacular tip during elongation to the scrotum, and requires intact sensory innervation and androgen.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2007.08.012 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Efficacy of transversus abdominis plane block in postoperative pain management of laparoscopic totally extraperitoneal inguinal hernia repair: a propensity score-matched analysis.
Ann Surg Treat Res
January 2025
Department of Surgery, School of Medicine and Institute for Medical Science, Keimyung University, Daegu, Korea.
Purpose: Transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block is a promising technique for postoperative pain control. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the efficacy of the TAP block in managing postoperative pain after laparoscopic totally extraperitoneal (TEP) inguinal hernia repair.
Methods: In this retrospective study, medical records of patients who had received ultrasonography-guided TAP blocks after surgery from January 2019 to August 2023 were reviewed and compared with those of patients who had not received.
Effectiveness of breathing exercises on urinary symptoms, muscle activity, and strength in women with multiple sclerosis and urinary incontinence-a study protocol for a randomized controlled trial study.
Trials
January 2025
Neuromusculoskeletal Rehabilitation Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Background: Urinary incontinence (UI) is a common and debilitating condition among people with multiple sclerosis (MS) and is more prevalent among women. Over the past decade, numerous studies have investigated the effects of pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) as a treatment for UI in people with MS. MS negatively impacts pulmonary function even in the early stages of the disease and people with MS may experience respiratory muscle weakness.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHindlimb muscles of the Emperor Penguin Aptenodytes forsteri (Aves, Sphenisciformes) at different postnatal ontogenetic stages.
J Anat
January 2025
División Paleontología Vertebrados, Museo de La Plata, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
The Emperor Penguin Aptenodytes forsteri is the largest living species of penguin, found exclusively in Antarctica, and is unique in breeding during the winter. Consequently, fewer anatomical studies have been conducted on this species over time compared to others. This study aims to provide an updated and comprehensive description of the hindlimb musculature of Aptenodytes forsteri.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnatomy of the Ribs, Sternum, and Costal Margin.
J Orthop Trauma
December 2024
Department of Orthopaedics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH.
The ribs, sternum, and costal margin provide a rigid, but flexible chest wall that functions to provide protection to the vital cardiothoracic organs, while also allowing for varying levels of respiration based on physiologic need. The latter function is accomplished through various muscular attachments and rib articulations with both the axial spine posteriorly and the sternum anteriorly. The accessory muscles of inspiration rely on the downward slope and outward curve of each rib, which when contracted move the ribs upward and outward, in turn forcing the sternum anterior and increasing the thoracic volume.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDo transversus abdominis plane (TAP) blocks improve pain after laparoscopic bilateral inguinal hernia repairs beyond the recovery unit? A randomized control trial.
Hernia
January 2025
Department of Surgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1259, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
Purpose: While surgeons agree that perioperative field blocks should be performed for open inguinal hernia surgery, there lacks consensus in the minimally invasive context. Prior small-scale randomized trials study pain scores only up to 24 h postoperatively. Thus, we sought to investigate the analgesic benefits of a bupivacaine transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block in the first 4 postoperative days.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!