The effect of thyroidactomia on parameters of energetics of isometric contractions of front shin--bone muscle of white rats is studied in in situ experiments. It is shown that experimental atiriosis lengthen considerably the latent period of muscle contractions (+95%) considerably reduce (in 5.5 times) the speed of it contraction in first phase of contraction act and also considerably increase the time (+37%), which necessery for developing maximum strength of contraction. Thyroidactomia with general negative influence on ergothropic characteristics of isometric muscle contraction decrease considerably the expenditure of thermal energy on maximum strength of contraction unit (-17%) or on middle isometric tension unit (-9.3%).
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BMJ Open
January 2025
Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester and the National Institute for Health Research Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester LE3 9QP, UK
Introduction: Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is characterised by severe exercise intolerance, particularly in those living with obesity. Low-energy meal-replacement plans (MRPs) have shown significant weight loss and potential cardiac remodelling benefits. This pragmatic randomised trial aims to evaluate the efficacy of MRP-directed weight loss on exercise intolerance, symptoms, quality of life and cardiovascular remodelling in a multiethnic cohort with obesity and HFpEF.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProc Biol Sci
January 2025
School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA.
In animals, metabolic rates during ontogeny often scale differently from the way they do in cross-species or population comparisons, with near-isometric scaling patterns more often observed during juvenile growth. In multiple social insect taxa, colony metabolic rate scales hypometrically across species or populations at the same developmental stage, but metabolic patterns during ontogeny have not been examined for any social insect species. We performed the first ontogenetic study of social metabolic scaling in harvester ant colonies () over 3.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ R Soc Interface
January 2025
Laboratoire Matière et Systèmes Complexes, CNRS, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France.
Many swimmers, especially small- to medium-sized animals, use intermittent locomotion that differs from continuous swimming of large species. This type of locomotion, called burst and coast, is often associated with an energetic advantage. In this work, we investigate the intermittent locomotion inspired by fish locomotion but applied to a propeller.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Biomech
February 2025
School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, University of Queensland, St Lucia Street, 4072 Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Faculty of Health. School of Exercise & Nutrition Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, 2 George St, Brisbane City, QLD 4000, Australia. Electronic address:
This study used musculoskeletal modelling to explore the relationship between cycling conditions (power output and cadence) and muscle activation and metabolic power. We hypothesized that the cadence that minimized the simulated average active muscle volume would be higher than the cadence that minimized the simulated metabolic power. We validated the simulation by comparing the predicted muscle activation and fascicle velocities with experimental electromyography and ultrasound images.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Physiol
January 2025
Department of Sport Medicine and Traumatology, Poznan Univeristy of Physical Education, Poznań, Poland.
Swimming produces many psychophysiological effects, including blood, hormonal, enzymatic, pulmonary, cardiovascular and energetic adaptations. However, asthma and allergies are becoming increasingly prevalent medical issues among elite endurance-trained swimmers, where exercise-induced asthma or bronchospasm is frequently reported. Heavy endurance swimming training, especially under adverse conditions, stresses the airway mucosa, leading to inflammatory changes, as observed in induced sputum in competitive swimmers.
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