Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most aggressive of the infiltrating gliomas. Standards of care for treatment continue to evolve. In many westernized countries standard treatment of GBM at diagnosis includes surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. In other parts of the world, chemotherapy that is considered beneficial by many is excluded from standard therapy, in large part due to issues of cost; treatment may be completely palliative, even limited to corticosteroid treatment alone. This review will focus on the current standard of care in the USA for newly diagnosed GBM, focusing on the evidence supporting that care.
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Glioblastoma is immunologically "cold" and resistant to single-agent immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICI). Our previous study of neoadjuvant pembrolizumab in surgically-accessible recurrent glioblastoma identified a molecular signature of response to ICI and suggested that neoadjuvant pembrolizumab may improve survival. To increase the power of this observation, we enrolled an additional 25 patients with a primary endpoint of evaluating the cell cycle gene signature associated with neoadjuvant pembrolizumab and performed bulk-RNA seq on resected tumor tissue (NCT02852655).
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Department of Neurosurgery, Neurosurgery Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, Fujian, China; Department of Neurosurgery, Binhai Branch of National Regional Medical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, Fujian, China; Fujian Provincial Institutes of Brain Disorders and Brain Sciences, First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, Fujian, China. Electronic address:
Background: Glioblastoma is a highly aggressive and invasive brain tumor with an extremely poor prognosis. The aims of the present study are to investigate the pathogenesis of glioblastoma and identify potential therapeutic targets.
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