Objective: To see if PETCO2 reflects PaCO2 with acceptable accuracy.

Methods: In this audit the.anaesthetic chart of fifty consecutive patients, age 12 years and above undergoing craniotomy for intracranial pathology, were reviewed.

Results: The difference between end tidal carbon dioxide (ETCO2) value corresponding to the time of taking the arterial sample and the PaCO2 was calculated. The mean end tidal CO2 was 29.3 +/- 2.8 and the mean PaCO2 was 32.63 +/- 4.5. The mean difference between the two values was calculated as 4.09 +/- 3.0. The regression coefficient was 0.496, which showed a moderate association. A wide variability was observed in the results.

Conclusion: Based on our results we recommend that arterial samples should be taken to determine PaCO2 in neurosurgical patients where maintenance of cerebral blood flow is crucial e.g. cerebral aneurysm surgery

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