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A Supervised Explainable Machine Learning Model for Perioperative Neurocognitive Disorder in Liver-Transplantation Patients and External Validation on the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV Database: Retrospective Study.
J Med Internet Res
January 2025
Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
Background: Patients undergoing liver transplantation (LT) are at risk of perioperative neurocognitive dysfunction (PND), which significantly affects the patients' prognosis.
Objective: This study used machine learning (ML) algorithms with an aim to extract critical predictors and develop an ML model to predict PND among LT recipients.
Methods: In this retrospective study, data from 958 patients who underwent LT between January 2015 and January 2020 were extracted from the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University.
Gender Disparities and Lung Cancer Screening Outcomes Among Individuals Who Have Never Smoked.
JAMA Netw Open
January 2025
Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea.
Importance: Lung cancer in individuals who have never smoked (INS) is a growing global concern, with a rapidly increasing incidence and proportion among all lung cancer cases. Particularly in East Asia, opportunistic lung cancer screening (LCS) programs targeting INS have gained popularity. However, the sex-specific outcomes and drawbacks of screening INS remain unexplored, with data predominantly focused on women.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose Of Review: The 2024 mpox outbreak, primarily driven by the possibly more virulent clade Ib strain, prompted the WHO declaring it a public health emergency of international concern (PHEIC) on August 14, 2024. This review provides essential guidance for clinicians managing mpox cases, as it contrasts the features of the 2024 outbreak with those of the 2022 epidemic to support better clinical decision-making.
Recent Findings: The review highlights significant differences between the 2024 and 2022 outbreaks, including total case numbers, demographic distribution, and fatality rates.
Ammonia and beyond - biomarkers of hepatic encephalopathy.
Metab Brain Dis
January 2025
Fundación de Investigación Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia-INCLIVA, Valencia, 46010, Spain.
Ammonia is a product of amino acid metabolism that accumulates in the blood of patients with liver cirrhosis, leading to neurotoxic effects and hepatic encephalopathy (HE). HE manifestations can range from mild, subclinical disturbances in cognition, or minimal HE (mHE) to gross disorientation and coma, a condition referred to as overt HE. Many blood-based biomarkers reflecting these neurotoxic effects of ammonia and liver disease can be measured in the blood allowing the development of new biomarkers to diagnose cirrhosis patients at risk of developing HE.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe variable relationship between the National Early Warning Score on admission to hospital, the primary discharge diagnosis, and in-hospital mortality.
Intern Emerg Med
January 2025
Department of Renal Medicine, Northern Care Alliance, Salford Royal Hospital, Salford, M6 8HD, UK.
Background: Patients with an elevated admission National Early Warning Score (NEWS) are more likely to die while in hospital. However, it is not known if this increased mortality risk is the same for all diagnoses. The aim of this study was to determine and compare the increased risk of in-hospital mortality associated with an elevated NEWS and different primary discharge diagnoses in unselected emergency admissions to a UK university teaching hospital.
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