The modulation of myeloid cells via inhibitory and activating immunoglobulin superfamily members has been a subject of intense study in mammals. One such example is the inhibitory receptor for CD200, which is shown to regulate the activation threshold of myeloid cells by interaction with the broadly distributed CD200 molecule. By looking at sequence homology and synteny conservation in the chicken genome, we identified two members of the CD200 receptor family in chicken on chromosome one. Cloning and further characterization of the protein sequence yielded a potentially inhibitory ggCD200R-B1 with a splice variant lacking a transmembrane region and a potentially soluble ggCD200R-S1. Both showed a typical V/C2-set Ig domain arrangement and we present evidence that these two genes have evolved by gene duplication. The inhibitory receptor displayed an uncharged transmembrane region and a long cytoplasmic tail encoding four tyrosine residues, one of them embedded in a motif similar to the mammalian NPxY motif. Further characterization of ggCD200R-B1 showed that it is expressed as a highly glycosylated protein and that its cytoplasmic tyrosine residues can be phosphorylated. Real-time RT-PCR analysis of various tissues and primary cells showed that ggCD200R-B1 is predominantly expressed in macrophages, whereas ggCD200R-S1 is highly expressed in peripheral blood mononuclear cells, but not macrophages. In summary, we showed that there is a homologue of mammalian CD200R conserved in chicken suggesting a similar function in avian species. Furthermore, the presence of potentially soluble CD200R molecules implies an important role for these in the regulation of myeloid cells in chicken.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.molimm.2007.10.012 | DOI Listing |
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
January 2025
Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305.
Exercising regularly promotes health, but these benefits are complicated by acute inflammation induced by exercise. A potential source of inflammation is cell-free DNA (cfDNA), yet the cellular origins, molecular causes, and immune system interactions of exercise-induced cfDNA are unclear. To study these, 10 healthy individuals were randomized to a 12-wk exercise program of either high-intensity tactical training (HITT) or traditional moderate-intensity training (TRAD).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBrain metastasis (BM) is a poor prognostic factor in cancer patients. Despite showing efficacy in many extracranial tumors, immunotherapy with anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody (mAb) or anti-CTLA-4 mAb appears to be less effective against intracranial tumors. Promisingly, recent clinical studies have reported that combination therapy with anti-PD-1 and anti-CTLA-4 mAbs has a potent antitumor effect on BM, highlighting the need to elucidate the detailed mechanisms controlling the intracranial tumor microenvironment (TME) to develop effective immunotherapeutic strategies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdv Sci (Weinh)
January 2025
Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, School of Materials Science and Engineering, AIE Institute, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China.
Photodynamic therapy holds great potentials in cancer treatment, yet its effectiveness in hypoxic solid tumor is limited by the oxygen-dependence and insufficient oxidative potential of conventional type II reactive oxygen species (ROS). Herein, the study reports a supramolecular photosensitizer, BSA@TPE-BT-SCT NPs, through encapsulating aggregation-enhanced emission photosensitizer by bovine serum albumin (BSA) to significantly enhance ROS, particularly less oxygen-dependent type I ROS for photodynamic immunotherapy. The abundant type I ROS generated by BSA@TPE-BT-SCT NPs induce multiple forms of programmed cell death, including apoptosis, pyroptosis, and ferroptosis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Int Med Res
January 2025
Department of Hypertension, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China.
Objective: In patients with primary hypertension (PH), left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is a critical predictor of cardiovascular events. We aimed to identify clinical and laboratory predictors of LVH in patients with PH.
Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 2321 patients with PH at the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from December 2022 to January 2024.
PLoS One
January 2025
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Honghuagang District, Guizhou, China.
With the rise of bone tissue engineering (BET), 3D-printed HA/PCL scaffolds for bone defect repair have been extensively studied. However, little research has been conducted on the differences in osteogenic induction and regulation of macrophage (MPs) polarisation properties of HA/PCL scaffolds with different fibre orientations. Here, we applied 3D printing technology to prepare three sets of HA/PCL scaffolds with different fibre orientations (0-90, 0-90-135, and 0-90-45) to study the differences in physicochemical properties and to investigate the response effects of MPs and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) on scaffolds with different fibre orientations.
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