Ca2+ complexes of dsRNA, poly(dA) and poly(dT) of yeast low molecular weight RNA produce a pronounced mitogenic effect on human fibroblasts at early stages of fibroblast proliferation in culture. At later stages of cell cultivation Ca(2+)-dsRNA stimulates terminal differentiation by inducing the synthesis of proteins characteristic of the postmitotic population of human fibroblasts undergoing terminal differentiation. Ca(2+)-dsRNA produces a stimulating effect on c-fos and c-jun gene transcription in fibroblasts and HeLa-S-3.
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Alzheimers Dement
December 2024
Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative, http://adni.loni.usc.edu/, CA, USA.
Background: The emergence of blood-based biomarkers offers a cost-effective and less invasive alternative to established neuroimaging and cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers. Newly developed fluid biomarkers, including N-terminal tau fragment (NT1), have shown promise for identifying individuals at risk for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Evidence has shown NT1 may be more abundant than full-length tau across the AD continuum and has high sensitivity and specificity to separate cognitively normal (CN) individuals from those with mild cognitive impaired (MCI) and AD in discovery and replication cohorts.
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December 2024
School of Public Health and the Second Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Background: Tear samples were low-invasive to access and may reflect changes in the brain. We performed an exploratory proteomic analysis using tear samples to identify proteomic signature and potential pathways that may be associated with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia.
Method: We performed a matched case-control study using tear samples collected from community-dwelling older adults, comprising 13 dementia, as well as 34 MCI and 34 age-, sex-, educational-matched normal cognition (NC) controls (age: 73.
Background: The rapidly growing pipeline of target-specific Alzheimer's Disease (AD) therapeutic candidates requires accompanying tests that can identify patients likely to have a beneficial response. The growing importance of multiple pathologies in determining AD progression and treatment response underscores this need. Our work focuses on establishing analytical capability to expand detectable forms of major protein drug targets for AD: Tau, amyloid beta (Ab) and a-Synuclein (aS) proteoforms as potential personalized molecular signatures.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlzheimers Dement
December 2024
National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India.
Background: The aetiology of Alzheimer's Disease and Related dementias (ADRD) in a diverse context is complex, and clinical methods lack sensitivity and specificity due to overlapping symptoms. This underscores the need of novel serum biomarkers in diagnosis of dementia. Serum glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and neurofilament light chain (NfL) are non-amyloid blood-based biomarkers indicative of ongoing inflammatory and neurodegenerative process.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlzheimers Dement
December 2024
The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
Background: Emerging evidence strongly suggests that terminally differentiated neurons in the brain have the potential to undergo a cell cycle-like process during neuronal aging and in the presence of certain diseases. However, due to their infrequent occurrence and unpredictable distribution within the brain, the molecular characteristics and specific variations associated with these cells in different diseases are still not well understood.
Method: By taking advantage of the wealth of human brain single-nucleus RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq) datasets available in public repositories, we developed an analytical pipeline that facilitates the identification and characterization of cell cycle gene re-expressing neurons to address these questions.
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