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Texture Perception and Chewing of Agar Gel by People with Different Sensitivity to Hardness.
Gels
December 2024
Institute of Physiology of Federal Research Centre "Komi Science Centre of the Urals Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences", 50 Pervomaiskaya Str., 167982 Syktyvkar, Russia.
Hardness is one of the dominant sensory characteristics of food. This study estimated the effect of sensitivity to hardness on the texture perception and chewing function using 2, 4, and 6% agar gels. Increasing the concentration of agar resulted in an increase in gel hardness and springiness, measured by texture profile analysis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDevelopment and characterization of soy protein-based custard-like soft foods for elderly individuals with swallowing difficulties.
Food Res Int
February 2025
School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3083, Australia; The Centre for Advanced Materials and Industrial Chemistry (CAMIC), Melbourne, VIC 3083, Australia. Electronic address:
There is growing interest in developing protein-rich foods for the elderly using plant proteins. The application of soy protein isolate (SPI) as a model protein to create protein-rich, custard-like soft foods presents a unique opportunity for innovative formulations tailored to those within the aging population suffering from swallowing difficulties. This study investigated the physicochemical and textural properties of custard-type soft food formulations developed using SPI for dysphagic elderly individuals, with the goal of achieving characteristics similar to those of optimal milk protein-based counterparts.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe causal relationship between steroid hormones and risk of stroke: evidence from a two-sample Mendelian randomization study.
Mol Brain
January 2025
Xuanwu Hospital, China-America Institute of Neurology, Capital Medical University, No. 45, Changchun Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, China.
It is unclear how steroid hormones contribute to stroke, and conducting randomized controlled trials to obtain related evidence is challenging. Therefore, Mendelian randomization (MR) technique was employed in this study to examine this association. Through genome-wide association meta-analysis, the genetic variants of steroid hormones, including testosterone/17β-estradiol (T/E2) ratio, aldosterone, androstenedione, progesterone, and hydroxyprogesterone, were acquired as instrumental variables.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGenetic evidence for the causal effect of clonal hematopoiesis on pulmonary arterial hypertension.
BMC Cardiovasc Disord
January 2025
Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 215 Heping West Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.
Background: Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a severe and progressive cardiovascular disease. While potential links between clonal hematopoiesis (CH) and cardiovascular diseases have been identified, the causal relationship between CH and PAH remains unclear. This study aims to investigate the causal effect of CH on the risk of PAH using a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) approach.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA novel framework for assessing causal effect of microbiome on health: long-term antibiotic usage as an instrument.
Gut Microbes
December 2025
Estonian Genome Center, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.
Assessing causality is undoubtedly one of the key questions in microbiome studies for the upcoming years. Since randomized trials in human subjects are often unethical or difficult to pursue, analytical methods to derive causal effects from observational data deserve attention. As simple covariate adjustment is not likely to account for all potential confounders, the idea of instrumental variable (IV) analysis is worth exploiting.
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