Delayed wound healing in diabetes is caused by neuropathy, vascular changes, and impaired cellular response to the injury. Macrophages are crucial in normal wound healing, and impaired functions of these cells have been shown in diabetes. beta-1,3-D-glucans stimulate macrophage function. This open-label study was performed to see if aminated beta-1,3-D-glucan (AG) stimulates wound healing in diabetes. Four groups (1-4) of diabetic db/db mice and one nondiabetic control group, db/+(5) were studied: group 1 (n=11): topical AG; group 2 (n=10): topical AG and subcutaneous insulin; group 3 (n=14): topical placebo and subcutaneous insulin; group 4 (n=10): diabetic control (placebo); group 5 (n=12): normal control (placebo). At the end of the experiments fasting blood glucose and A1C were (mean +/- SE) as follows: Group 1: 30.5 +/- 1.9 mmol/L and 11.3 +/- 0.6%; group 2: 12.0 +/- 1.7 mmol/L and 8.0 +/- 0.6%; group 3: 15.4 +/- 2.4 mmol/L and 7.4 +/- 0.3%; group 4: 32.6 +/- 2.6 mmol/L and 12.3 +/- 0.6%; group 5: 7.2 +/- 0.4 mmol/L and 3.9 +/- 0.04%, respectively. The closed wound area was the same in group 1 (AG alone) and group 2 (AG plus insulin) after 17 days, 57.3 +/- 4.7 vs. 50.1 +/- 4.9% (p=0.7). The results of these two groups were superior to group 3 (insulin treatment alone, 32.0 +/- 4.3%, p<0.001) and diabetic controls (38.2 +/- 5.1%, p=0.001). The macrophage-stimulant AG improves wound healing in db/db mice.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1524-475X.2007.00286.x | DOI Listing |
JDS Commun
January 2025
Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853.
An elevated prepartum BCS is a risk factor for postpartum hyperketonemia (HYK) and elevated nonesterified fatty acid (NEFA) concentrations in dairy cattle. The association between different adipose tissue depots, such as subcutaneous (SCAT) as well as visceral adipose tissue (VAT) depots, and HYK and elevated NEFA concentrations remains unknown. The objective of this 2-part study was to describe SCAT and VAT depots using ultrasonography during the transition period and to associate them with metabolic markers of negative energy balance in early postpartum dairy cows.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJDS Commun
January 2025
Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824.
Dairy cows with clinical ketosis (CK) exhibit metabolic changes, including intense adipose tissue (AT) lipolysis and systemic insulin resistance, that increase plasma BHB and free fatty acids (FFA). Cows with CK also have systemic inflammation, predisposing them to inflammatory and infectious diseases. This inflammatory process is modulated in part by oxidized fatty acids (oxylipins) that regulate all aspects of inflammation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Cardiol Cardiovasc Risk Prev
March 2025
Pharmaceutical Care Research Group, School of Pharmacy, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
Background: The appropriate treatment high blood pressure (BP) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol.(LDL-C), according to clinical guidelines, reduces a patient's risk of a cardiovascular event.
Aim: This systematic review aims to evaluate the attainment of BP and LDL-C goals among the Irish population in both primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular diseases, the level of adherence to prescribing guidelines by doctors and the level of medication adherence among patients.
Diabet Med
January 2025
Diabetes and Endocrine Centre, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals, Sheffield, UK.
Aims: This study assessed real-world glycaemic outcomes associated with the use of Dexcom ONE in adults with suboptimally controlled diabetes.
Methods: In this single-site prospective study, adults with type 1 (T1D) or type 2 diabetes (T2D) taking two or more insulin injections per day initiated Dexcom ONE CGM use and attended follow-up data collection visits after 3 and 6 months. During the study, participants received usual diabetes care.
Crit Care
January 2025
Clinical Division and Laboratory of Intensive Care Medicine, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.
Background: As compared to withholding parenteral nutrition (PN) until one week after intensive care unit (ICU) admission, Early PN prolonged ICU dependency in the EPaNIC randomized controlled trial (RCT). The Refeeding RCT showed improved outcome by temporary macronutrient restriction in ICU patients developing refeeding hypophosphatemia, defined as a phosphate decrease of > 0.16 mmol/L to levels < 0.
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