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Controlled human infection studies accelerate vaccine development.
J Infect Dis
January 2025
Center for Vaccine Development and Global Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA.
Clinical trials that employ human challenge, also known as controlled human infection models (CHIM), have rapidly advanced vaccine development for multiple pathogens, including at least 30 disease models to date. CHIM studies, championed by networks of researchers, regulators, ethicists, technical experts, and other stakeholders, limit exposure of individuals to an investigational product, de-risk product investments, identify correlates of protection, and most importantly provide a prompt readout of vaccine efficacy. While CHIM studies provide multiple advantages, important challenges exist, including strengthening the relevance and comparability of CHIM study results to efficacy trials in endemic areas, particularly in resource-limited settings.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF[Approach to Scabies in Children: An Update].
Acta Med Port
January 2025
Serviço de Dermatologia. Unidade Local de Saúde Santo António. Porto. Portugal.
Scabies is a common dermatological infection that globally affects more than 200 million people. It is caused by the parasite Sarcoptes scabiei var. hominis and its transmission primarily occurs through direct contact.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe natural history of cytologically low-risk indeterminate thyroid nodules.
J Clin Endocrinol Metab
January 2025
Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
Background: Thyroid nodules classified cytologically as low-risk indeterminate lesions (TIR3A) on fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) present a clinical challenge due to their uncertain malignancy risk. This single-center study aimed to evaluate the natural history of TIR3A nodules.
Materials And Methods: FNABs performed between July 2017 and December 2019 were retrospectively retrieved and patients with TIR3A nodules were evaluated at baseline and throughout a follow-up based on ultrasound (US) parameters and clinical data.
Testing the Feasibility, Acceptability, and Potential Efficacy of an Innovative Digital Mental Health Care Delivery Model Designed to Increase Access to Care: Open Trial of the Digital Clinic.
JMIR Ment Health
January 2025
Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.
Background: Mental health concerns have become increasingly prevalent; however, care remains inaccessible to many. While digital mental health interventions offer a promising solution, self-help and even coached apps have not fully addressed the challenge. There is now a growing interest in hybrid, or blended, care approaches that use apps as tools to augment, rather than to entirely guide, care.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHarnessing Human-Centered Design for Evidence-Based Psychosocial Interventions and Implementation Strategies in Community Settings: Protocol for Redesign to Improve Usability, Engagement, and Appropriateness.
JMIR Res Protoc
January 2025
Division of Services and Interventions Research, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD, United States.
Background: Although substantial progress has been made in establishing evidence-based psychosocial clinical interventions and implementation strategies for mental health, translating research into practice-particularly in more accessible, community settings-has been slow.
Objective: This protocol outlines the renewal of the National Institute of Mental Health-funded University of Washington Advanced Laboratories for Accelerating the Reach and Impact of Treatments for Youth and Adults with Mental Illness Center, which draws from human-centered design (HCD) and implementation science to improve clinical interventions and implementation strategies. The Center's second round of funding (2023-2028) focuses on using the Discover, Design and Build, and Test (DDBT) framework to address 3 priority clinical intervention and implementation strategy mechanisms (ie, usability, engagement, and appropriateness), which we identified as challenges to implementation and scalability during the first iteration of the center.
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