The pulmonary resident T lymphocytes (RPLs) expressing a nearly invariant T cell receptor gammadelta heterodimer (gammadeltaTCR) migrate from fetal thymus to the lung epithelium, followed by RPL subsets expressing diverse sets of gammadeltaTCRs after birth. However, it remains unclear whether the fetal type Vgamma6/Vdelta1+ RPLs are essential for gammadelta T cell repertoire formation in the lung epithelium. In this study, we found a marked decrease in the number of gammadeltaRPLs at 4 weeks of age in Vdelta1-/- mice and they predominantly expressed Vgamma6 and Vdelta4 genes. The skewed diversity towards the Vdelta4-(Ddelta1)-Ddelta2-Jdelta2 junctional region was observed only in gammadelta RPLs from 4-week-old Vdelta1-/- mice, compared with those from 8-week-old Vdelta1-/- mice and the both ages of wild-type mice. These results suggest that the invariant Vdelta1+ T cells are crucial not only for optimal gammadelta T cell expansion but also for affecting the migration or microenvironment for other gammadelta T cells in the lung epithelium.
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