Palladium-catalyzed hydroarylations and additional domino reactions of aza-bicyclic and tricyclic norbornene derivatives were investigated and a series of new epibatidine analogues were synthesized.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/11080603 | DOI Listing |
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Sex differences in contextual fear conditioning and extinction after acute and chronic nicotine treatment.
Biol Sex Differ
October 2024
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kentucky College of Pharmacy, 789 S. Limestone Street, 473 Lee T. Todd Jr. Building, Lexington, KY, 40536-0596, USA.
Background: Chronic cigarette smokers report withdrawal symptomology, including affective dysfunction and cognitive deficits. While there are studies demonstrating sex specific withdrawal symptomology in nicotine-dependent individuals, literature examining the underlying biological mediators of this is scant and not in complete agreement. Therefore, in this study, we evaluated the sex specific effects of nicotine and withdrawal on contextual fear memory, a hippocampally dependent aspect of cognition that is disrupted in nicotine withdrawal.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBioactive alkaloids from the venom of Dendrobatoidea Cope, 1865: a scoping review.
J Toxicol Environ Health B Crit Rev
January 2024
Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Amapá State University, Macapá, Amapá, Brazil.
Article Synopsis
- * A review analyzed 48 research publications over 60 years, identifying more than 23 types of alkaloids, with a significant focus on batrachotoxins and epibatidine.
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Dog and human bladders have different neurogenic and nicotinic responses in inner versus outer detrusor muscle layers.
Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol
October 2022
Center for Translational Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
The aim of this study was to investigate layer and species variations in detrusor muscle strip responses to myogenic, neurogenic, and nicotinic, and muscarinic receptor stimulations. Strips from bladders of 9 dogs and 6 human organ transplant donors were dissected from inner and outer longitudinal muscle layers, at least 1 cm above urethral orifices. Strips were mounted in muscle baths and maximal responses to neurogenic stimulation using electrical field stimulation (EFS) and myogenic stimulation using potassium chloride (KCl, 120 mM) determined.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnhancement of Opioid Antinociception by Nicotinic Ligands.
J Pharmacol Exp Ther
April 2021
Behavioral Biology Program, McLean Hospital, Belmont, Massachusetts and Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
Nicotine has previously been shown to augment the antinociceptive effects of -opioid agonists in squirrel monkeys without producing a concomitant increase in behavioral disruption. The present studies were conducted to extend these findings by determining the ability of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) agonist epibatidine and partial 42 nAChR agonist varenicline to selectively augment the antinociceptive effects of the -opioid receptor (MOR) full agonist fentanyl, the MOR partial agonist nalbuphine, and the -opioid receptor (KOR) agonist U69,593 in male squirrel monkeys. Results indicate that both nAChR ligands selectively increased the antinociceptive effects of nalbuphine and that epibatidine increased the antinociceptive effects of U69,593 without altering effects on operant behavior.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNicotine stimulates ion transport via metabotropic β4 subunit containing nicotinic ACh receptors.
Br J Pharmacol
December 2020
Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany.
Background And Purpose: Mucociliary clearance is an innate immune process of the airways, essential for removal of respiratory pathogens. It depends on ciliary beat and ion and fluid homeostasis of the epithelium. We have shown that nicotinic ACh receptors (nAChRs) activate ion transport in mouse tracheal epithelium.
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