Phenytoin is a first-line drug for the treatment of status epilepticus. We report a case of phenytoin intoxication after intravenous phenytoin loading in a patient with clozapine-related seizures. To our knowledge, this is the first description of phenytoin intoxication due to CYP2C9 inhibition by clozapine. This case report is important because it supports the use of a lower intravenous loading dose of phenytoin in patients with clozapine-related status epilepticus.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jemermed.2007.06.012 | DOI Listing |
Clin Park Relat Disord
January 2024
Department of Neurology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Aichi, Japan.
Here we report the first case of phenytoin intoxication that was closely associated with hand-foot synkinesis. This case suggests a close association between cerebellar dysfunction and hand-foot synkinesis. In patients with hand-foot synkinesis, lesions of not only the secondary motor areas but also the cerebellum should be considered.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTher Drug Monit
October 2023
Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Siriraj Poison Control Center, Bangkok, Thailand.
Objective: Phenytoin is commonly prescribed to prevent postoperative seizures. Despite the rarity of the CYP2C9 genetic polymorphism, which may result in poor phenytoin metabolism, in the Thai population, the authors report a case of phenytoin toxicity in a patient with poor metabolism administered with a standard dose of phenytoin.
Case Report: A 58-year-old Thai woman presented to the outpatient clinic with a 2-day history of nausea, vomiting, and dizziness.
PLoS One
July 2023
Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Para, Belem, Para, Brazil.
The Clibadium spp. is a shrub of occurrence in the Amazon, popularly known as Cunambi. The compounds in the leaves demonstrate ichthyotoxic properties, and its major substance, cunaniol, is a powerful central nervous system stimulant with proconvulsant activity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFood Chem Toxicol
December 2022
Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Products, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, UFPA, Belém, Pará, Brazil.
Caffeine is a psychoactive substance used worldwide. The present study analyzes the seizure-related behavior and electrocorticographic (ECoG) patterns observed in rats following of a toxic dose of caffeine (150 mg/kg; intraperitoneal). Sixty-three rats were divided into three experiments: 1-Behavior's Description associated with caffeine-induced convulsion; 2- Comparison of the electrocorticographic patterns induced by caffeine and pentylenetetrazole, and 3- Assessment of the electrocorticographic response to antiepileptic drugs (diazepam, phenytoin, and phenobarbital).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Neurol
August 2022
Department of Neurology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, Netherlands.
Background: Phenytoin is widely used as primary seizure prophylaxis in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in patients undergoing myeloablative conditioning with busulfan. Because of the negative side effects of phenytoin, we abandoned phenytoin use in these patients. To assess the effect of this change, we performed a retrospective cohort study on all patients receiving busulfan.
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