Objective: To evaluate the metabolic characteristics of insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity in isolated impaired fasting glucose (iIFG) and isolated fasting hyperglycemia (IFH) and to clarify the factors responsible for the development of IFH.
Methods: Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis was conducted in 1852 subjects. Three groups were classified according to a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT): (1) normal glucose tolerance (NGT), n = 557; (2) iIFG, n = 221; (3) IFH, n = 81. The three groups were compared with insulin secretion (insulinogenic index) and insulin sensitivity (insulin sensitivity index).
Results: Using ROC analysis, the optimal cut point of fasting plasma glucose (FPG) related to diabetes diagnosis with OGTT was 6.695 mmol/L and the optimal cut point of FPG related to impaired glucose to lerance (IGT) diagnosis with OGTT was 5.590 mmol/L. From NGT to iIFG and IFH in these subjects, the insulinogenic index and insulin sensitivity index showed gradual decrease.
Conclusion: Subjects with iIFG and IFH exhibit distinctly impaired early-phase insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity, indicating that both reduced insulin secretion and insulin resistance are the determinants of deterioration from NGT to iIFG and IFH.
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