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Individual bioenergetic capacity as a potential source of resilience to Alzheimer's disease.
Nat Commun
February 2025
Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
Impaired glucose uptake in the brain is an early presymptomatic manifestation of Alzheimer's disease (AD), with symptom-free periods of varying duration that likely reflect individual differences in metabolic resilience. We propose a systemic "bioenergetic capacity", the individual ability to maintain energy homeostasis under pathological conditions. Using fasting serum acylcarnitine profiles from the AD Neuroimaging Initiative as a blood-based readout for this capacity, we identified subgroups with distinct clinical and biomarker presentations of AD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFStructure and mechanism of biosynthesis of Streptococcus mutans cell wall polysaccharide.
Nat Commun
January 2025
Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.
Streptococcus mutans, the causative agent of human dental caries, expresses a cell wall attached Serotype c-specific Carbohydrate (SCC) that is critical for cell viability. SCC consists of a polyrhamnose backbone of →3)α-Rha(1 → 2)α-Rha(1→ repeats with glucose (Glc) side-chains and glycerol phosphate (GroP) decorations. This study reveals that SCC has one predominant and two more minor Glc modifications.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPacific Islands Families Study: Serum Uric Acid in Pacific Youth and the Associations with Free-Sugar Intake and Appendicular Skeletal Muscle Mass.
Nutrients
December 2024
School of Sport and Recreation, Faculty of Health and Environmental Studies, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland 1010, New Zealand.
Background: Fructose (50% of sucrose/sugar) is one component of free-sugars and is metabolized to uric acid, which is a known risk factor for gout and metabolic syndrome. Pacific peoples in New Zealand experience a higher prevalence of gout, type 2 diabetes, and overweight/obesity than other ethnic groups. Interestingly, despite having a similar body mass index (BMI), they tend to have a higher proportion of appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASMM) and less fat than other ethnic groups.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe impact of a water promotion and access intervention on elementary school students in the presence of food insecurity.
Public Health Nutr
November 2024
Stanford Department of Pediatrics, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
Objective: School-based interventions encouraging children to replace sugar-sweetened beverages with water show promise for reducing child overweight. However, students with child food insecurity (CFI) may not respond to nutrition interventions like children who are food-secure.
Design: The Water First cluster-randomised trial found that school water access and promotion prevented child overweight and increased water intake.
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