AI Article Synopsis
- ICEs (Integrative and Conjugative Elements) like ICESt1 and ICESt3 can recombine and transfer themselves into other bacterial genomes, affecting genetic variation.
- ICESt1 has an internal recombination site (attL') that contributes to the excision of a shorter ICE (ICESt2) when recombined with attR.
- The arp1 gene, which encodes a protein related to a viral repressor, plays a crucial role in controlling ICE excision; deleting arp1 significantly increases excision rates and alters responses to DNA damage induced by mitomycin C.
Article Abstract
The integrative and conjugative elements (ICEs) excise by site-specific recombination between attL and attR flanking sites, self-transfer the resulting circular form and integrate into the genome of the recipient cell. Two putative ICEs, ICESt1 and ICESt3, are integrated in the same locus in 2 strains of Streptococcusthermophilus. ICESt1 is a composite element harbouring an internal recombination site, attL'. The recombination between attL' and attR leads to the excision of a shorter putative ICE, ICESt2. ICESt1/ICESt2 and ICESt3 carry related regulation modules sharing the open reading frame arp1 that encodes a protein related to the cI repressor of the phage lambda. The repressors belonging to this family autoproteolyse in the presence of damaged DNA. Treatments with mitomycin C induce an increase in the excision of ICESt1, ICESt2 and ICESt3. Furthermore, the arp1 deletion leads to a 1,000-fold increase in the excision of ICESt1 and ICESt2 and to a decrease in the excision induction by mitomycin C. Thus, all together, these results suggest that the autocleavage of the arp1 repressor is involved in derepression of the S. thermophilus putative ICE excision by mitomycin C.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000106078 | DOI Listing |
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