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The Global Burden of Emerging and Re-Emerging Orbiviruses in Livestock: An Emphasis on Bluetongue Virus and Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease Virus.
Viruses
December 2024
School of Veterinary Medicine, Murdoch University, Perth, WA 6150, Australia.
Bluetongue virus (BTV) and epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus (EHDV) are vector-borne orbiviruses that pose an emerging threat to livestock, including cattle and sheep. This review summarizes the global distribution, genetic diversity, and key factors driving their spread along with the existing knowledge gaps and recommendations to mitigate their impact. Both viruses cause hemorrhagic disease in susceptible ruminants and are commonly reported in tropical and subtropical regions including North America, Asia, Africa, Oceania, and some parts of Europe.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA habitat suitability analysis for three Culicoides species implicated in bluetongue virus transmission in the Southeastern United States.
Med Vet Entomol
January 2025
Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA.
Culicoides biting midges adversely impact animal health through transmission of multiple orbiviruses, such as bluetongue virus (BTV). This study used light trapping data collected in the Southeastern United States for three Culicoides midge species that are confirmed or suspected BTV vectors: Culicoides insignis, Culicoides stellifer and Culicoides venustus. Midge presence datasets were combined with meteorological data and ecological data to model habitat suitability for each species.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInvestigation of RNA Viruses in Latreille, 1809 (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) in a Mining Complex in the Southeastern Region of the Brazilian Amazon.
Viruses
November 2024
Centre for Biological and Health Sciences, Pará State University, Belém 66087-662, PA, Brazil.
The biting midges Latreille, 1809 (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) is highly relevant to epidemiology and public health, as it includes species that are potential vectors of human and animal arboviruses. The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of RNA viruses in species of the genus collected in the Carajás mining complex in the state of Pará. The biting midges were collected in the municipalities of Canaã dos Carajás, Curionópolis and Marabá and morphologically identified.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA Review on Reliable and Standardized Animal Models to Study the Pathogenesis of Schmallenberg Virus in Ruminant Natural Host Species.
Methods Mol Biol
December 2024
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Research Unit of Epidemiology and Risk analysis applied to Veterinary sciences (UREAR-ULiège), Fundamental and Applied Research for Animal and Health (FARAH) Center, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium.
In the late summer of 2011, the Netherlands reported a cluster of reduced milk yield, fever, and diarrhea in dairy cattle. In March 2012, congenital malformations appeared, and Schmallenberg virus (SBV) was identified, becoming one of the few orthobunyaviruses distributed in Europe. Initially, little was known about the pathogenesis and epidemiology of these viruses in the European context, so assumptions were largely extrapolated from related viruses and other regions worldwide.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOropouche virus: Understanding "sloth fever" disease dynamics and novel intervention strategies against this emerging neglected tropical disease.
Virulence
December 2024
Department of Veterinary & Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, MN, USA.
Article Synopsis
- Oropouche virus (OROV) is an arbovirus that causes "sloth fever," transmitted mainly by midges in both rural and urban areas.
- Human infections can result in acute fever and, in severe cases, neurological issues, with over half a million people infected since its first detection in 1955.
- The absence of FDA-approved vaccines and treatments means current care focuses on supportive measures, highlighting the importance of developing vaccines to control outbreaks, especially as OROV risk increases with climate change and global travel.
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